Category: 70539-42-3

Reference of Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, is researched, Molecular C18H20N2O12, CAS is 70539-42-3, about A mitogenic fibrinogen receptor that differs from glycoprotein IIb-IIIa. Identification by affinity chromatography and by covalent cross-linking. Author is Levesque, Jean Pierre; Hatzfeld, Jacques; Hatzfeld, Antoinette.

The mitogenic effect of human fibrinogen on the hemopoietic cell lines Raji and JM is mediate by a specific receptor with biochem. and functional properties different from those of the platelet fibrinogen receptor, the glycoprotein complex IIb-IIIa. This work describes the identification of the mitogenic fibrinogen receptor (MFR) by 2 independent methods, affinity chromatog. and covalent crosslinking. Affinity chromatog. of surface-labeled cell extracts on fibrinogen-Sepharose revealed a 94-kDa membrane protein that bound specifically to fibrinogen-Sepharose only on cells that expressed the MFR. Its mol. mass was not modified after reduction This was confirmed by crosslinking fibrinogen to surface-labeled Raji cells using the cleavable crosslinkers, ethyleneglycolbis(succinimidyl succinate) and dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate). Complexes between fibrinogen and iodinated cell membrane proteins were immunoprecipitated by anti-fibrinogen antibodies. The biochem. cleavage of these immunoprecipitated conjugates gave rise to a 92-kDa membrane protein whose mol. mass was not modified after reduction Thus, fibrinogen binds specifically to a 92-94-kDa MFR which does not belong to the integrin family.

Different reactions of this compound(Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate)Reference of Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate require different conditions, so the reaction conditions are very important.

Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Formula: C18H20N2O12. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, is researched, Molecular C18H20N2O12, CAS is 70539-42-3, about Thermostabilization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens α-amylase by chemical crosslinking. Author is Habibi, Azadeh Ebrahim; Khajeh, Khosro; Naderi-Manesh, Hossein; Ranjbar, Bijan; Nemat-Gorgani, Mohsen.

Chem. crosslinking of a mesophilic α-amylase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BAA) was carried out. Intramol. crosslinks between Lys residues upon treatment of the enzyme with ethylene glycol bis(succinic acid N-hydroxy succinimide ester) resulted in enhancement of thermostability as indicated by irreversible thermoinactivation experiments Enhancement of thermostability coincided with a dramatic protection against aggregation, combined with a decrease in surface hydrophobicity. Deamidation, another important mechanism of irreversible thermoinactivation, was also diminished upon modification. While no significant changes in the kinetic parameters were evident, rigidification of the protein structure was suggested by CD and fluorescence studies.

The article 《Thermostabilization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens α-amylase by chemical crosslinking》 also mentions many details about this compound(70539-42-3)Formula: C18H20N2O12, you can pay attention to it, because details determine success or failure

Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, is researched, Molecular C18H20N2O12, CAS is 70539-42-3, about Argpyrimidine-tagged rutin-encapsulated biocompatible (ethylene glycol dimers) nanoparticles: Application for targeted drug delivery in experimental diabetes (Part 2), the main research direction is argpyrimidine rutin ethylene glycol nanoparticle diabetes; Advanced glycation end products; Argpyrimidine; Diabetes mellitus; Nanoparticles; Rutin; Targeted drug delivery.Quality Control of Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate.

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia and associated complications. However, long-term diabetes control is not often sustained by currently available therapeutic approaches. Research on nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery systems is in progress. Here we have tested a ligand (argpyrimidine)-tagged drug (rutin)-encapsulated biocompatible (ethylene glycol dimers) nanoparticle for targeted drug delivery in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Argpyrimidine, being an advanced glycation end product (AGE), directs the nanoparticles to interact with cell surface receptors of AGEs (RAGE) and delivers the drug into the cells. The bioflavonoid rutin possesses antihyperglycemic property, and has been used for nanocapsulation. Two doses of nanoparticles containing 20 mg rutin/kg body weight were administered (i.v. at 7 days interval) into streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Compared to free rutin, nanoparticle treatment appears to be significantly more effective in controlling the diabetogenic effects – hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, etc, including heart-associated complications. This approach may thus be explored for drug delivery in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

The article 《Argpyrimidine-tagged rutin-encapsulated biocompatible (ethylene glycol dimers) nanoparticles: Application for targeted drug delivery in experimental diabetes (Part 2)》 also mentions many details about this compound(70539-42-3)Quality Control of Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, you can pay attention to it or contacet with the author([email protected]) to get more information.

Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 70539-42-3, is researched, Molecular C18H20N2O12, about The two coiled coils in the isolated rod domain of the intermediate filament protein desmin are staggered. A hydrodynamic analysis of tetramers and dimers, the main research direction is desmin quaternary structure.Safety of Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate.

Desmin protofilaments and the proteolytically derived α-helical rod domain have been characterized by high-resolution gel permeation chromatog. (GPC) using columns calibrated for the determination of viscosity radii. Addnl. characterization by chem. crosslinking and the determination of sedimentation values allowed the calculation of the mol. dimensions of the mol. species isolated. In dilute buffers GPC separated desmin rod preparations into 2 complexes: a dimer species (single coiled coil) with a length of 50 nm and a tetramer species (2 coiled coils) with a length of 65 nm. Thus the 2 coiled coils in the tetramer are staggered by ∼15 nm. The hydrodynamically derived lengths of the rod dimer and tetramer are supported by electron microscopy after metal shadowing. The hydrodynamic properties of desmin protofilaments follow that of the rod tetramer. The present results explain the inhomogeneity of mols. encountered in previous electron microscopical analyses.

The article 《The two coiled coils in the isolated rod domain of the intermediate filament protein desmin are staggered. A hydrodynamic analysis of tetramers and dimers》 also mentions many details about this compound(70539-42-3)Safety of Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, you can pay attention to it, because details determine success or failure

Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, is researched, Molecular C18H20N2O12, CAS is 70539-42-3, about Early cleavage of ethylene glycol bis(succinimidylsuccinate) (EGS)-linker moieties during enzymatic digestion of cross-linked proteins, the main research direction is sulfo EGS peptide enzymic digestion crosslinked protein.HPLC of Formula: 70539-42-3.

It has become popular to combine the crosslinking of proteins with mass spectrometry (MS) to study their tertiary structure or interactions. There are several difficulties with the method which make it a challenge. They include the limited availability of crosslinked peptides for MS anal. due to low yield of the crosslinking reaction and unwanted side chem. Recently, the authors have pointed out the uncontrolled quenching of azide linkers by buffer components rendering them almost useless for the intended task. Here, the authors describe a phenomenon involving cleavable crosslinkers. They have been designed to overcome the drawback that crosslinked peptides provide poor gas-phase fragmentation mass spectra because of their branched structure. Moreover, isotope coding on such linkers may assist in finding the low-abundance crosslinked peptides in mass spectra as described for ethylene glycol bis(succinimidylsuccinate) (EGS). In some of the authors’ experiments, this compound provided better crosslinking yields compared to other N-hydroxysuccinimide-derived reagents as detected by one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate PAGE. For best results from crosslinking experiments using cleavable agents such as EGS, careful control of sample preparation protocols for early hydrolysis products is advisable.

After consulting a lot of data, we found that this compound(70539-42-3)HPLC of Formula: 70539-42-3 can be used in many types of reactions. And in most cases, this compound has more advantages.

Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Quality Control of Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, is researched, Molecular C18H20N2O12, CAS is 70539-42-3, about A new cleavable reagent for cross-linking and reversible immobilization of proteins. Author is Abdella, Peter M.; Smith, Paul K.; Royer, Garfield P..

A new bifunctional reagent was prepared for the crosslinking and reversible immobilization of proteins through their amino groups. This compound, ethylene glycol bis(succinimidyl succinate) (I), reacted rapidly with proteins, at pH 7 and at high dilution The resulting protein crosslinks were readily cleaved at pH 8.5 using hydroxylamine for 3-6 h at 37°. Substantial enzymic activity was observed with lactate dehydrogenase after such reversible crosslinking. Trypsin immobilized on agarose using this reagent retained full sp. activity, was stable for weeks in the cold, and could be released with hydroxylamine at 25°. This compound appears suitable for studies involving proteins with essential disulfide linkages.

After consulting a lot of data, we found that this compound(70539-42-3)Quality Control of Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate can be used in many types of reactions. And in most cases, this compound has more advantages.

Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Reference of Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, is researched, Molecular C18H20N2O12, CAS is 70539-42-3, about Characterization of a bombesin receptor on Swiss mouse 3T3 cells by affinity cross-linking. Author is Sinnett-Smith, James; Zachary, Ian; Rozengurt, Enrique.

A cell surface protein in Swiss 3T3 cells of apparent Mr 75,000-85,000 was identified previously by chem. crosslinking as a major component of the receptor for peptides of the bombesin family in these cells. Because bombesin-like peptides may interact with other cell surface mols., it was important to establish the correlation between receptor binding and functions of this complex and further characterize the Mr 75,000-85,000 cross-linked protein. Detailed time courses carried out at different temperatures demonstrated that the Mr 75,000-85,000 affinity-labeled band was the earliest cross-linked complex detected in Swiss 3T3 cells incubated with 125I-labeled gastrin-releasing peptide (125I-GRP). Furthermore, the ability of various nonradioactive bombesin agonists and antagonists to block the formation of the Mr 75,000-85,000 cross-linked complex correlated extremely well (r = 0.994) with the relative capacity of these peptides to inhibit 125I-GRP specific binding. Pretreatment with unlabeled GRP for up to 6 h caused only a slight decrease in both specific 125I-GRP binding and the affinity labeling of the Mr 75,000-85,000 protein. The cross-linked complex is a glycoprotein. First, solubilized affinity labeled Mr 75,000-85,000 complex applied to wheat germ lectin-Sepharose columns was eluted by addition of 0.3M N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Second, treatment with endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase F reduced the apparent mol. weight of the affinity-labeled band from 75,000-85,000 to 43,000, indicating the presence of N-linked oligosaccharide groups.

After consulting a lot of data, we found that this compound(70539-42-3)Reference of Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate can be used in many types of reactions. And in most cases, this compound has more advantages.

Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Category: benzofurans. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, is researched, Molecular C18H20N2O12, CAS is 70539-42-3, about Quaternary structure of Artemia haemoglobin II: analysis of T and C polymer alignment and interpolymer interface. Author is Chyou, David T.; Rawle, Vincent L.; Trotman, Clive N. A..

The brine shrimp Artemia expresses four different types of Hb subunits namely C1, C2, T1 and T2. Two of these four subunits dimerize in different combinations to produce the three isoforms of the heterodimeric Artemia Hb: HbI (C1 and C2), HbII (C1 and T2) and HbIII (T1 and T2). Previous biochem., biophys. and computational analyses demonstrate that the T and C polymers are rings of nine concatenated globin domains, which are covalently joined by interdomain linkers. Two such rings stacked coaxially give the functional mol. This research aimed to construct a quaternary structural model of Artemia HbII that shows the interpolymer interface and domain-domain alignment, using the MS3D (mass spectrometry for three dimensional anal.) approach. This involved introducing chem. crosslinks between the two polymers, cleaving with trypsin and analyzing the resulting products by mass spectrometry. This was followed by computational anal. of the mass spectrometry data using the program SearchXlinks to identify putatively crosslinked peptides. Six putative EGS (ethylene glycol bis[succinimidylsuccinate]) crosslinked tryptic peptides were identified. All of them support a model in which the EF helixes of all domains are in contact along the interpolymer surface, and Domain 1 of the T-polymer aligns with Domain 1 of the C-polymer. Any two adjacent interpolymer domain pairs contact through the early Helix H and early Helix A. The orientation of domains is different from the subunit proposed model proposed previously by this group. Crosslinking with GMBS (N-[γ-maleimidobutyryloxy]succinimide ester) was also performed, and the results show good agreement with this model. The interpolymer EF-contact allows the hydrophobic E and F helixes to be buried in the interface and therefore allow the complex to solubilize readily to facilitate efficient oxygen transport. Furthermore the EF-contact is a common contact in cooperative Hbs and thus the model is consistent with the cooperative behavior of Artemia HbII.

Although many compounds look similar to this compound(70539-42-3)Category: benzofurans, numerous studies have shown that this compound(SMILES:O=C(ON1C(CCC1=O)=O)CCC(OCCOC(CCC(ON2C(CCC2=O)=O)=O)=O)=O), has unique advantages. If you want to know more about similar compounds, you can read my other articles.

Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 70539-42-3, is researched, Molecular C18H20N2O12, about Covalent cross-linking of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide to its receptors on intact human lymphoblasts, the main research direction is VIP receptor lymphoblast.Related Products of 70539-42-3.

125I-labeled VIP  [37221-79-7] was covalently crosslinked with its binding sites on intact cultured human lymphoblasts by each of 3 bifunctional reagents: disuccinimidyl suberate  [68528-80-3], ethylene glycol bis(succinimidyl succinate) [82540-27-0], and N-succinimidyl 6-(4′-azido-2′-nitrophenylamino)hexanoate  [64309-05-3]. A 4th crosslinking agent with a shorter chain length, N-hydroxysuccinimidyl 4-azidobenzoate  [53053-08-0], was much less effective in crosslinking 125I-VIP to the site. Anal. by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiog. demonstrated a band of mol. weight (Mr) ∼50,000, regardless of which crosslinker was used. The labeling of this band was specific in that it was prevented by 10-6M unlabeled VIP and was partially blocked by the homologous hormones secretin  [1393-25-5] and glucagon  [9007-92-5]. The relative potencies of these peptides in blocking the cross-linking of 125I-VIP to the Mr ∼50,000 band of the lymphoblasts (VIP > secretin ≥ glucagon) were similar to those previously found for competitive inhibition of 125I-VIP binding to its putative high-affinity receptor on these cells. The covalent crosslinking required a bifunctional reagent and it was dependent on both the number of Molt cells and the concentration of 125I-VIP. The apparent mol. weight of the crosslinked species was unchanged by treatment with dithiothreitol. Apparently, the Mr = 50,000 species represents 125I-VIP crosslinked to a specific plasma membrane receptor and the receptor does not contain interchain disulfide bonds.

Although many compounds look similar to this compound(70539-42-3)Related Products of 70539-42-3, numerous studies have shown that this compound(SMILES:O=C(ON1C(CCC1=O)=O)CCC(OCCOC(CCC(ON2C(CCC2=O)=O)=O)=O)=O), has unique advantages. If you want to know more about similar compounds, you can read my other articles.

Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Application of 70539-42-3. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, is researched, Molecular C18H20N2O12, CAS is 70539-42-3, about Modulation of two forms of tumor necrosis factor receptors and their cellular response by soluble receptors and their monoclonal antibodies. Author is Higuchi, Masahiro; Aggarwal, Bharat B..

Recently, two different receptors for human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) with mol. masses of 60 kDa (p60) and 80 kDa (p80) have been identified. This report investigated the effect of the soluble forms of these receptors and monoclonal antibodies against them on ligand interaction, receptor down-regulation, and mediation of cellular response in U-937 cells. The results indicate that p60 and p80 constitute 20-30 and 60-80% of the total TNF-binding sites on U-937 cells, resp. However, by crosslinking, only the p80 form of the receptor could be detected. In contrast to unlabeled TNF, the anti-p60 and anti-p80 antibodies together only partially inhibited ligand binding, and this inhibition was not additive. Lack of additive inhibition of binding was not due to stereochem. hindrance. TNF binding to cells can be completely displaced by soluble forms of either the p60 or p80 receptor. However, 100-fold more of the p80 than the p60 form of the soluble receptor is needed for equivalent displacement. Under optimum conditions, TNF and the anti-p80 and anti-p60 antibodies down-regulated 30, 80, and 20% of the TNF receptors, resp. The anti-p60 and anti-p80 antibodies down-regulated not only their own receptors, but also reciprocal receptors, suggesting a cross-communication between the p60 and p80 forms of the TNF receptor. In spite of inhibiting as much as 80% of TNF binding, none of the receptor antibodies significantly inhibited the cytotoxic response to TNF in U-937 cells. Soluble forms of both receptors, however, completely abrogated the cellular response to TNF. Thus, these results indicate that the antibodies against both receptors together inhibit the majority of the receptor-ligand interaction without any significant effect on the biol. response to TNF.

After consulting a lot of data, we found that this compound(70539-42-3)Application of 70539-42-3 can be used in many types of reactions. And in most cases, this compound has more advantages.

Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem