Month: February 2023

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitutions of Aryltrifluoroborates with Retention of the BF₃^– Group: Quantification of the Activating and Directing Effects of the Trifluoroborate Group was written by Berionni, Guillaume;Morozova, Varvara;Heininger, Maximilian;Mayer, Peter;Knochel, Paul;Mayr, Herbert. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2013.Reference of 929626-27-7 This article mentions the following:

Kinetics and mechanisms of transition-metal free reactions of furyl, thienyl and indolyl trifluoroborates with benzhydrylium (Ar₂CH⁺) and iminium (Me₂N⁺=CHR) ions have been investigated. In contrast to common belief, substitutions at CH positions are often faster than ipso-substitutions of the BF₃K group, because BF₃K activates the position attached to boron by a factor of 10³-10⁴ while adjacent CH positions are activated by factors of 10⁵-10⁶. Several reactions that have previously been interpreted as ipso-substitutions actually proceed via initial substitution at a vicinal or remote CH position, followed by protodeborylation. If the proton released during electrophilic substitution at a CH position is trapped by a base, the BF₃^– group can be preserved. Remote reactions of heteroaryl trifluoroborates with iminium ions provide straightforward access to novel zwitterionic ammonium or iminium trifluoroborates, which have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray analyses. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Potassium benzofuran-2-yltrifluoroborate (cas: 929626-27-7Reference of 929626-27-7).

Potassium benzofuran-2-yltrifluoroborate (cas: 929626-27-7) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.Reference of 929626-27-7

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Recyclable magnetic ZnCo₂O₄-based ceramic nanostructure materials fabricated by simple sonochemical route for effective sunlight-driven photocatalytic degradation of organic pollution was written by Zinatloo-Ajabshir, Sahar;Heidari-Asil, Seyed Ali;Salavati-Niasari, Masoud. And the article was included in Ceramics International in 2021.Name: Sodium 2′,4′,5′,7′-tetraiodo-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-bis(olate) This article mentions the following:

Solar light assisted degradation of unfavorable contaminants has been illustrated to be a very good way to obviate environmental contamination and remedy wastewater. Although a wide range of compounds have been suggested as catalysts for this aim, highly efficient removal of organic contaminants with usage of visible radiation remains a challenging issue. Herein, we represent a novel, fast and proper way to successfully create ZnCo2O4/Co3O4 nanocomposite with usage of the sonochem. process, functioning as a very appropriate compound for the elimination of organic contaminants. As a novel kind of base agent, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine was employed to create ZnCo2O4/Co3O4 nanocomposite. The impacts of usage of diverse capping agents as well as ultrasonic time on the size, catalytic functionality and shape of ZnCo2O4/Co3O4 were considered. Applying diverse detection techniques, the sonochem. created nanocomposite was explored. Based on the outcomes, CTAB was chosen as a very appropriate capping agent as well as 10 min as a very beneficial ultrasonic time to create the tiniest particles possessing the highest uniformity. The created nanocomposites were applied to eliminate unfavorable contaminants (methyl violet, Acid Red 14 and erythrosine) and their capability was compared. The sonochem. created nanocomposite with usage of CTAB at 10 min as optimized sample was able to demonstrate highly efficient performance, since 100, 95.6 and 100% removal of methyl violet, Acid Red 14 and erythrosine in 65 min under visible radiation was observed Further, the optimized sample possesses very proper durability and can be easily retrieved without appreciable loss of catalytic yield up to eleven runs. Considering its simple fabrication and highly efficient performance, ZnCo2O4/Co3O4 nanocomposite (sonochem. created with usage of CTAB at 10 min) can be a helpful and competitive compound as a visible-light-driven catalyst to obviate environmental contamination. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2′,4′,5′,7′-tetraiodo-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-bis(olate) (cas: 16423-68-0Name: Sodium 2′,4′,5′,7′-tetraiodo-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-bis(olate)).

Sodium 2′,4′,5′,7′-tetraiodo-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-bis(olate) (cas: 16423-68-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. Introduction of benzofurans in organic synthesis, particularly drug synthesis, involves generally the use of their metalated species as nucleophiles in addition reactions or in metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.Name: Sodium 2′,4′,5′,7′-tetraiodo-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-bis(olate)

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Visible-Light-Induced α-Amino C-H Bond Arylation Enabled by Electron Donor-Acceptor Complexes was written by Xu, Chang;Shen, Fang-Qi;Feng, Gaofeng;Jin, Jian. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2021.Product Details of 128851-73-0 This article mentions the following:

Enabled by electron donor-acceptor complexes, a novel visible-light-induced α-amino C-H bond arylation protocol, without a photoredox catalyst, was disclosed. The protocol does not require any transition metal, oxidant, or exclusion of oxygen or moisture. A direct irradiation of the mixture of tertiary amines and benzonitriles with visible light in N,N-diethylethanamide in the presence of Cs₂CO₃ afforded α-arylated amines in good to excellent yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Bromobenzofuran (cas: 128851-73-0Product Details of 128851-73-0).

6-Bromobenzofuran (cas: 128851-73-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives.Benzofuran is one of the most significant oxygen-containing heterocycles consisting of fused benzene and furan ring, which are widely presented in various naturally occurring and synthetically active compounds. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Product Details of 128851-73-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Iridium(III)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Site-Selective Carbene C-H Insertion during Late-Stage Transformation was written by Yamakawa, Yuki;Ikuta, Takashi;Hayashi, Hiroki;Hashimoto, Keigo;Fujii, Ryoma;Kawashima, Kyohei;Mori, Seiji;Uchida, Tatsuya;Katsuki, Tsutomu. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Quality Control of 2,3-Dihydrobenzo[b]furan This article mentions the following:

Here, it was observed that the iridium-salen complex 6 exhibited efficient catalysis in asym. carbene C-H insertion reactions. Under optimized conditions, benzylic, allylic, and propargylic C-H bonds e.g., I were converted to desired C-C bond products e.g., II in an excellent stereoselective manner. Excellent regioselectivity was demonstrated in the reaction using not only simple substrate but also natural products, bearing multiple reaction sites. Moreover, based on the mechanistic studies, the iridium-catalyzed unique C-H insertion reaction involved rate-determining asynchronous concerted processes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dihydrobenzo[b]furan (cas: 496-16-2Quality Control of 2,3-Dihydrobenzo[b]furan).

2,3-Dihydrobenzo[b]furan (cas: 496-16-2) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antioxidant, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, insecticidal.Quality Control of 2,3-Dihydrobenzo[b]furan

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

The Link between Gut Microbiota and Hepatic Encephalopathy was written by Won, Sung-Min;Oh, Ki Kwang;Gupta, Haripriya;Ganesan, Raja;Sharma, Satya Priya;Jeong, Jin-Ju;Yoon, Sang Jun;Jeong, Min Kyo;Min, Byeong Hyun;Hyun, Ji Ye;Park, Hee Jin;Eom, Jung A.;Lee, Su Been;Cha, Min Gi;Kwon, Goo Hyun;Choi, Mi Ran;Kim, Dong Joon;Suk, Ki Tae. And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2022.Product Details of 80621-81-4 This article mentions the following:

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a serious complication of cirrhosis that causes neuropsychiatric problems, such as cognitive dysfunction and movement disorders. The link between the microbiota and the host plays a key role in the pathogenesis of HE. The link between the gut microbiome and disease can be pos. utilized not only in the diagnosis area of HE but also in the treatment area. Probiotics and prebiotics aim to resolve gut dysbiosis and increase beneficial microbial taxa, while fecal microbiota transplantation aims to address gut dysbiosis through transplantation (FMT) of the gut microbiome from healthy donors. Antibiotics, such as rifaximin, aim to improve cognitive function and hyperammonemia by targeting harmful taxa. Current treatment regimens for HE have achieved some success in treatment by targeting the gut microbiota, however, are still accompanied by limitations and problems. A focused approach should be placed on the establishment of personalized trial designs and therapies for the improvement of future care. This narrative review identifies factors neg. influencing the gut-hepatic-brain axis leading to HE in cirrhosis and explores their relationship with the gut microbiome. We also focused on the evaluation of reported clin. studies on the management and improvement of HE patients with a particular focus on microbiome-targeted therapy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,16Z,18E,20S,21S,22R,23R,24R,25S,26R,27S,28E)-25-(Acetyloxy)-5,6,21,23-tetrahydroxy-27-methoxy-2,4,11,16,20,22,24,26-octamethyl-2,7-(epoxypentadeca[1,11,13]trienimino)benzofuro[4,5-e]pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole-1,15(2H)-dione (cas: 80621-81-4Product Details of 80621-81-4).

(2S,16Z,18E,20S,21S,22R,23R,24R,25S,26R,27S,28E)-25-(Acetyloxy)-5,6,21,23-tetrahydroxy-27-methoxy-2,4,11,16,20,22,24,26-octamethyl-2,7-(epoxypentadeca[1,11,13]trienimino)benzofuro[4,5-e]pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole-1,15(2H)-dione (cas: 80621-81-4) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antioxidant, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, insecticidal.Product Details of 80621-81-4

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Chiral Bicyclic Imidazole-Catalyzed Acylative Dynamic Kinetic Resolution for the Synthesis of Chiral Phthalidyl Esters was written by Zhou, Muxing;Gridneva, Tatiana;Zhang, Zhenfeng;He, Ende;Liu, Yangang;Zhang, Wanbin. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021.Electric Literature of C9H8O3 This article mentions the following:

Utilizing a chiral bicyclic imidazole organocatalyst, I, and adopting a continuous injection process, an alternative route has been developed for the efficient synthesis of chiral phthalidyl ester prodrugs via dynamic kinetic resolution of 3-hydroxyphthalides through enantioselective acylation (up to 99% ee). The computational studies suggest a general base catalytic mechanism differing from the widely accepted nucleophilic catalytic mechanism. The structure anal. of the key transition states shows that the CH-π interaction, and not the previously considered cation/π-π interactions between the catalyst and substrate, is the dominant factor giving rise to the observed stereocontrol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Methoxyisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one (cas: 4741-62-2Electric Literature of C9H8O3).

5-Methoxyisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one (cas: 4741-62-2) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives have shown many biological activities, including antifungal and antimicrobial properties, and acting as antagonists of H3 receptors and angiotensin II. They are also prone to polymerisation in the presence of concentrated mineral acids and Lewis acids.Electric Literature of C9H8O3

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Nature of the α,ω-rearrangement was written by Barton, Derek H. R.;Prabhakar, Sundaresan. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1 in 1974.Application In Synthesis of 5-Nitro-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran This article mentions the following:

The conditions under which groups attached to the α-and ω-C atoms of organic compounds may exchange places were investigated. Pyrolysis of halo-O-thiobenzoates, e.g. I, bis (O-thiobenzoates), e.g. PhC(S)O(CH2)2OC(S)Ph and bis(imidates) e.g.PhC(:NPh)O(CH2)2OC(:NPh)Ph, resulted in such rearrangement. E.g., 1,2-(RCH2)(R1CH2)C6H3NO2-4 [I; R = PhC (S)O, R1 = Cl] at 160° for 3 hr gave I (R = Cl, R1 = SBz). Some of the rearrangements were shown to be intermol. and ionic in character. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Nitro-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran (cas: 52771-99-0Application In Synthesis of 5-Nitro-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran).

5-Nitro-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran (cas: 52771-99-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives have shown many biological activities, including antifungal and antimicrobial properties, and acting as antagonists of H3 receptors and angiotensin II. In nature, benzofurans have occupied an important role among the plant phenols & several pharmacologically active compounds.Application In Synthesis of 5-Nitro-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Benzofuran Derivatives as Potent, Orally Active S1P1 Receptor Agonists: A Preclinical Lead Molecule for MS was written by Saha, Ashis K.;Yu, Xiang;Lin, Jian;Lobera, Mercedes;Sharadendu, Anurag;Chereku, Srinivas;Schutz, Nili;Segal, Dalia;Marantz, Yael;McCauley, Dilara;Middleton, Scot;Siu, Jerry;Burli, Roland W.;Buys, Janet;Horner, Michelle;Salyers, Kevin;Schrag, Michael;Vargas, Hugo M.;Xu, Yang;McElvain, Michele;Xu, Han. And the article was included in ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2011.Formula: C8H6O2 This article mentions the following:

Novel benzofuran-based S1P₁ agonists with excellent in vitro potency and selectivity were prepared 1-{[4-(5-Benzylbenzofuran-2-yl)-3-fluorophenyl]methyl}azetidine-3-carboxylic acid is a potent S1P₁ agonist with >1000× selectivity over S1P₃. It demonstrated a good in vitro ADME profile and excellent oral bioavailability across species. Dosed orally at 0.3 mg/kg, I significantly reduced blood lymphocyte counts 24 h postdose and demonstrated efficacy in a mouse EAE model of relapsing MS. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzofuran-5-ol (cas: 13196-10-6Formula: C8H6O2).

Benzofuran-5-ol (cas: 13196-10-6) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Many natural or synthetic compounds containing benzofuran skeletons have been found to possess remarkable activity as agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. In nature, benzofurans have occupied an important role among the plant phenols & several pharmacologically active compounds.Formula: C8H6O2

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem