Tag: M.W:100-200

Quality Control of (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate, is researched, Molecular C6H11ClO3, CAS is 90866-33-4, about Synthesis of negamycin and its derivatives as potential therapeutic agents for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

A symposium report. A total synthesis of (+)-negamycin, a dipeptidic antibiotic containing a hydrazine peptide bond and its derivatives, using ah asym. Michael addition of chiral methoxybornyl-10-benzylamine as the pivotal step, is reported. This compound was successfully synthesized with an overall yield of 26% in 13 steps and exhibited a similar biol. activity to gentamicin in restoring dystrophin expression in skeletal and cardiac muscles of max mice, an animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

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Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Wong, Chihuey; Drueckhammer, Dale G.; Sweers, Henri M. researched the compound: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate( cas:90866-33-4 ).Recommanded Product: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate.They published the article 《Enzymic vs. fermentative synthesis: thermostable glucose dehydrogenase catalyzed regeneration of NAD(P)H for use in enzymic synthesis》 about this compound( cas:90866-33-4 ) in Journal of the American Chemical Society. Keywords: immobilized glucose dehydrogenase thermostability Bacillus; enzymic organic synthesis NADH NADPH regeneration. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:90866-33-4).

Procedures are described for regeneration of reduced nicotinamide cofactors, NADH and NADPH, from NAD(P) based on glucose and thermostable glucose dehydrogenase from Bacillus cereus immobilized in polyacrylamide gels. The turnover number for NAD in a synthesis of 200 mmol of D-lactate was 40,000. Application of this system to other syntheses was demonstrated with preparations of Et (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate, (R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-phenylethanol, Et (S)-3-hydroxyvalerate, (S)-lactaldehyde di-Me acetal, and (S)-3-hydroxybutanal di-Me acetal. Further investigation of the kinetics regarding the thermoresistance of glucose dehydrogenase in the presence of NaCl was carried out, and it appeared that the enhancement by NaCl of the thermal stability of the enzyme was approx. 3rd-order. The immobilized glucose dehydrogenase incubated at 55°, pH 7.5, for 7 days was still fully active, whereas many other enzymes are completely inactivated in 1-2 days. Addition of NaCl enhanced the thermal stability more significantly than the immobilization did, and a marked increase in thermal stability was observed with these 2 combined factors. The half-life of the immobilized glucose dehydrogenase at 55° in a buffer (pH 7.0-7.5) containing 1M NaCl was >30 days compared to 3 min for the free enzyme, corresponding to an overall ∼50,000-fold increase in thermal stability.

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Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 3939-12-6, is researched, Molecular C6H3FN2, about Original synthesis of radiolabeling precursors for batch and on resin one-step/late-stage radiofluorination of peptides, the main research direction is radiofluorination peptide triflyl pyridine trimethylammonium diazabicyclooctane.Reference of 6-Fluoronicotinonitrile.

Radiolabeling of peptides with fluorine-18 is hurdled by their chem. sensitivity and complicated processes. Original triflyl-pyridine intermediates afforded ammonium precursors that were radiolabeled at low temperature From that study, a generic tag has been designed to allow a simple one-step/late-stage radiolabelling of peptides. The strategy has been transposed to an automated “”on-resin”” radiolabelling.

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Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Reference of (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate, is researched, Molecular C6H11ClO3, CAS is 90866-33-4, about Development of Saccharomyces cerevisiae reductase YOL151W mutants suitable for chiral alcohol synthesis using an NADH cofactor regeneration system. Author is Yoon, Shin Ah; Jung, Jihye; Park, Seongsoon; Kim, Hyung Kwoun.

The aldo-keto reductases catalyze reduction reactions using various aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes/ketones. Most reductases require NADPH exclusively as their cofactors. However, NADPH is much more expensive and unstable than NADH. In this study, we attempted to change the five amino acid residues that interact with the 2′-phosphate group of the adenosine ribose of NADPH. These residues were selected based on a docking model of the YOL151W reductase and were substituted with other amino acids to develop NADH-utilizing enzymes. Ten mutants were constructed by site-directed mutagenesis and expressed in Escherichia coli. Among them, four mutants showed higher reductase activities than wild-type when using the NADH cofactor. Anal. of the kinetic parameters for the wild type and mutants indicated that the kcat/Km value of the Asn9Glu mutant toward NADH increased 3-fold. A docking model was used to show that the carboxyl group of Glu 9 of the mutant formed an addnl. hydrogen bond with the 2′-hydroxyl group of adenosine ribose. The Asn9Glu mutant was able to produce (R)-ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxyl butenoate rapidly when using the NADH regeneration system.

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Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate, is researched, Molecular C6H11ClO3, CAS is 90866-33-4, about Stereochemical control of yeast reductions. 5. Characterization of the oxidoreductases involved in the reduction of β-keto esters.COA of Formula: C6H11ClO3.

Three β-keto reductases, purified to homogeneity from the cytosolic fraction of bakers’ yeast, were capable of actively reducing 4-chloroacetoacetic esters to yield corresponding carbinolic products of high optical purity [>0.97 enantiomeric excess (ee)]. All of them utilized NADPH preferentially as the coenzyme. One of these enzymes (mol. weight = 2,400,000) possessed phys. and chem. properties reminiscent of fatty acid synthetase and reduced β-keto esters to yield carbinols of D-configuration. Although the natural substrates for the other 2 enzymes have not yet been defined, they were readily resolved on a hydroxylapatite column. The faster moving protein (D-enzyme) had a mol. weight of 38,000 and reduced β-keto esters to yield D-carbinolic products, whereas L-enzyme (mol. weight = 74,000) afforded L-carbinols. Because mammalian L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.35) in the presence of NADH reduced 4-chloroacetoacetic esters to (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoates of high ee (>0.97), this reductase activity was carefully searched for in bakers’ yeast. Whereas mitochondrial fractions of bakers’ yeast actively reduced acetoacetyl-CoA, only a trace of this reductase activity was detectable. This observation indicated that L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenases of different species have marked differences in substrate specificities. To gain an insight into the influence of the ester substituent on the enantioselective reduction of γ-chloro-β-keto esters by intact bakers’ yeast, the kcat (turnover number) and Km for the 3 enzymes on various 4-chloroacetoacetic esters were measured.

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Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 90866-33-4, is researched, SMILESS is O=C(OCC)C[C@@H](O)CCl, Molecular C6H11ClO3Journal, Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t, Journal of Organic Chemistry called High Enantioselectivity and Broad Substrate Specificity of a Carbonyl Reductase: Toward a Versatile Biocatalyst, Author is Ema, Tadashi; Moriya, Hiroyuki; Kofukuda, Toru; Ishida, Tomomasa; Maehara, Kentaro; Utaka, Masanori; Sakai, Takashi, the main research direction is ketone stereoselective reduction carbonyl reductase bakers yeast; alc stereoselective preparation enzymic reduction ketone.Application In Synthesis of (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate.

A carbonyl reductase isolated from bakers’ yeast shows high stereoselectivity and chemoselectivity in the reduction of carbonyl compounds in the presence of an ester group or a second carbonyl group. The results are compared with those obtained with whole cell reduction with bakers’ yeast.

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Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Cagnon, J. R.; Marsaioli, A. J.; Riatto, V. B.; Pilli, R. A.; Manfio, G. P.; Eguchi, S. Y. researched the compound: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate( cas:90866-33-4 ).SDS of cas: 90866-33-4.They published the article 《Microbial screening for the enantiospecific production of alkyl esters of 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoic acid》 about this compound( cas:90866-33-4 ) in Chemosphere. Keywords: Rhodotorula stereoselective reduction chlorohydroxybutanoate ester; Cunninghamella stereoselective reduction chlorohydroxybutanoate ester; stereoselective reduction chlorohydroxybutanoate ester fermentation. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:90866-33-4).

This article describes preliminary screening results of yeasts and fungi isolated from exotic environments like the Atlantic rain forest, the roots of Araucaria angustifolia, and a guava tree. Rhodotorula glutinis CCT 2182 and Cunninghamella echinulata CCT 4259 revealed high enantioselective reductase activities for the production of alkyl esters of (R)- and (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoic acid, resp.

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Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Ni, Yan; Li, Chun-Xiu; Wang, Li-Juan; Zhang, Jie; Xu, Jian-He published an article about the compound: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate( cas:90866-33-4,SMILESS:O=C(OCC)C[C@@H](O)CCl ).Reference of (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:90866-33-4) through the article.

A carbonyl reductase gene (yueD) from Bacillus sp. ECU0013 was heterologously overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the encoded protein (BYueD) was purified to homogeneity and characterized. The NADPH-dependent reductase showed a broad substrate spectrum towards different aromatic ketones, and α- and β-ketoesters. Although the enantioselectivity was high to moderate for the reduction of α-ketoesters, all the tested β-ketoesters and aromatic ketones were reduced to the corresponding chiral alcs. in enantiomerically pure forms. Furthermore, the practical applicability of this enzyme was evaluated for the reduction of Et 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (1a). Using Escherichia coli cells coexpressing BYueD and glucose dehydrogenase, 215 g L-1 (1.3 M) of 1a was stoichiometrically converted to Et (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate ((R)-1b) in an aqueous-toluene biphasic system by using a substrate fed-batch strategy, resulting in an overall hydroxyl product yield of 91.7% with enantiomeric purity of 99.6% ee.

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Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

The three-dimensional configuration of the ester heterocycle is basically the same as that of the carbocycle. Compound: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate(SMILESS: O=C(OCC)C[C@@H](O)CCl,cas:90866-33-4) is researched.COA of Formula: C18H20N2O12. The article 《Stereochemical control of microbial reduction. 2. Reduction of β-keto esters by immobilized bakers’ yeast》 in relation to this compound, is published in Tetrahedron Letters. Let’s take a look at the latest research on this compound (cas:90866-33-4).

Ketones in β-keto esters are reduced asym. by immobilized bakers’ yeast. The configuration and the enantiomer excess of the products were dramatically changed by the entrapment of yeast cells in dense polyurethane matrices.

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Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate, is researched, Molecular C6H11ClO3, CAS is 90866-33-4, about Baker’s yeast: production of D- and L-3-hydroxy esters.Category: benzofurans.

Baker’s yeast grown under oxygen limited conditions and used in the reduction of 3-oxo esters results in a shift of the stereoselectivity of the yeast towards D-hydroxy esters as compared with ordinary baker’s yeast. The highest degree of stereoselectivity was obtained with growing yeast or yeast harvested while growing. In contrast, the stereoselectivity was shifted towards L-hydroxy esters when the oxo esters were added slowly to ordinary baker’s yeast supplied with gluconolactone as co-substrate. The reduction rate with gluconolactone was increased by active aeration. Et L-(S)-3-hydroxybutanoate was afforded in >99% ee. Both enantiomers of Et 3-hydroxypentanoate, D-(R) in 96% ee and L-(S) in 93% ee, and of Et 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate, D-(S) in 98% ee and L-(R) in 94% ee, were obtained. The results demonstrate that the stereoselectivity of baker’s yeast can be controlled to a large extent without the use of inhibitors, heat treatment, etc.

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Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem