Month: February 2023

Diarylpyrrolone based fluorophore for the selective spectrofluorometric method for determination of Linagliptin antidiabetic drug in pharmaceutical tablets was written by Omar, Mahmoud A.;Haredy, Ahmed M.;Saleh, Gamal A.;Naggar, A. H.;Derayea, Sayed M.. And the article was included in Microchemical Journal in 2019.Formula: C17H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Linagliptin (LNG) is a type 2 antidiabetic drug which belongs to dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors. In this paper a simple and sensitive spectrofluorometric method was developed and validated for the determination of LNG. The method employed the interaction of the primary amino group of the cited drug with fluorescamine reagent in aqueous borate buffer (pH 8.5) to produce a highly fluorescent product. The emission of the formed product was measured at 479 nm after excitation at 390 nm. Different exptl. parameters that may affect the product formation or its fluorescence intensity were investigated and adjusted. The method has a good linearity in the concentration range of 0.2 – 2.0 μg mL^-1of LNG with a detection limit of 0.079 μg mL^-1. The performance of the developed method was evaluated according to the International Conference for Harmonization (ICH). The method was successfully applied for the anal. of tablets dosage form that contained the cited drug. The results of the anal. were compared with the reported method and indicated good accuracy and precision of the proposed procedure. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9Formula: C17H10O4).

4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives have shown many biological activities, including antifungal and antimicrobial properties, and acting as antagonists of H3 receptors and angiotensin II. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.Formula: C17H10O4

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 prevents deleterious effects of erythromycin on mitochondrial function in rat heart isolated mitochondria was written by Mersa, Amir;Atashbar, Saman;Ahvar, Negar;Salimi, Ahmad. And the article was included in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology in 2020.Product Details of 76-54-0 This article mentions the following:

Erythromycin (ERY) is a risk factor for cardiotoxicity through the mitochondria pathway. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that erythromycin could impair mitochondrial function and oxidative stress and 1,25-dihydroxivitamin D3 (calcitriol) treatment could prevent these effects in rat heart isolated mitochondria. Rat heart mitochondria were isolated with mech. lysis and differential centrifugation. Then isolated mitochondria were first pretreated with three different concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxivitamin D3 (2.5, 5 and 10μmol/L) for 5 min at 37° C, after which erythromycin (10μmol/L) was added to promote deleterious effects on mitochondria. During 1 h of incubation, using by flow cytometry and biochem. evaluations, the parameters of mitochondrial toxicity were evaluated, including: succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) collapse, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and lipid peroxidation (LP). The results showed that erythromycin (10μmol/L) caused a significant change in mitochondrial function, ROS formation, mitochondrial swelling, MMP collapse, increasing lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. The results showed that erythromycin (10μmol/L) caused a significant change in mitochondrial function, ROS formation, mitochondrial swelling, MMP collapse, increasing lipid 1,25-dihydroxivitamin D3 (10μmol/L) reverted the effect of erythromycin on the tested parameters. In this study, we showed that erythromycin impairs mitochondrial function and induces mitochondrial toxicity in rat heart isolated mitochondria, which were reverted by calcitriol. These findings suggest that 1,25-dihydroxivitamin D3 may be a preventive/therapeutic strategy for cardiotoxicity complications caused by erythromycin. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Product Details of 76-54-0).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives.Benzofuran is one of the most significant oxygen-containing heterocycles consisting of fused benzene and furan ring, which are widely presented in various naturally occurring and synthetically active compounds. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.Product Details of 76-54-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Nontargeted detection and identification of (aromatic) amines in environmental samples based on diagnostic derivatization and LC-high resolution mass spectrometry was written by Muz, Melis;Ost, Norbert;Kuehne, Ralph;Schueuermann, Gerrit;Brack, Werner;Krauss, Martin. And the article was included in Chemosphere in 2017.Name: 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione This article mentions the following:

The presence of aromatic amines in the environment has been in the focus of research, as many of these compounds are known or suspected mutagens and carcinogens. To facilitate the detection of aromatic amines in complex environmental samples by LC-high resolution mass spectrometry, an online-post-column and a pre-column derivatization method to label (in an ideal case) all aromatic amines was evaluated by applying different derivatization reagents. 4-Fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-F) was found to be the most promising labeling reagent due to its high reactivity with both primary and secondary amines and its low signal in pos. mode electrospray ionization (ESI+). Post-column online derivatization did not result in sufficient signal intensities of derivatives With pre-column derivatization most of the selected aromatic amines resulted in a derivative that shows common fragments of diagnostic value. The selectivity of NBD-F was studied in depth with a data set of 220 compounds with different functional groups showing that also aliphatic amines and some thiols yield a derivative The developed method was successfully applied to wastewater effluent samples and several derivatives were confirmed by diagnostic neutral losses. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9Name: 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione).

4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. They are also prone to polymerisation in the presence of concentrated mineral acids and Lewis acids.Name: 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Fluorescamine Labeling for Assessment of Protein Conformational Change and Binding Affinity in Protein-Nanoparticle Interaction was written by Duan, Yaokai;Liu, Yang;Shen, Wen;Zhong, Wenwan. And the article was included in Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) in 2017.Recommanded Product: 38183-12-9 This article mentions the following:

Protein adsorption alters the “biol. identity” of nanoparticles (NPs) and could affect how biosystems respond to invading NPs. Study of protein-NP interaction can help understand how the physicochem. properties of NPs impact the interaction and thus potentially guide the design of safer and more effective NPs for biomedical or other applications. Binding affinity between proteins and NPs and the occurrence of protein conformational change upon binding to NPs are two important aspects to be learned, but few methods are currently available to assess both simultaneously in a simple way. Herein, the fluorescamine labeling method developed by the authors’ group not only could reveal protein conformational change upon adsorption to NPs, owing to its capability to label the primary amines exposed on protein surface, but also could be applied to measure the binding affinity. By screening the interaction between a large number of proteins and four types of NPs, the present study also revealed that protein adsorption onto NPs could be strongly affected by structure flexibility. The proteins with high structure flexibility experienced high degrees of conformation change when binding to the polystyrene NPs, which could potentially influence protein function. Overall, the authors’ assay is a quick, simple, and high-throughput tool to reveal potential impacts on protein activity and evaluate the strength of protein-NP binding. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9Recommanded Product: 38183-12-9).

4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Recommanded Product: 38183-12-9

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Fluorogenic Quantification of Albumin was written by Low, Michelle;Win, Khin Yin;Ye, Enyi;Liu, Shuhua;Ng, Soon Huat;Zhou, Xiaoqun;Han, Ming-Yong. And the article was included in Australian Journal of Chemistry in 2014.Recommanded Product: 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione This article mentions the following:

By optimizing various fluorogenic dyes, non-fluorescent fluorescamine can react with primary amines to form highly fluorescent products, which is a simple, fast, and sensitive method for the quantification of albumin. The effects of pH, temperature, and chems. were studied systematically to quantify albumin. The quantification method is more sensitive at alk. pHs, affording measurement of proteins concentrations as low as 15 μg mL^-1. Denaturation of albumin at elevated temperatures and/or use of chems., such as ethanol and acetone, can greatly improve the sensitivity of the albumin detection method. The simple, accurate, and reliable anal. of albumin contents under favorable conditions can be developed as an important method for early diagnosis of kidney disease. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9Recommanded Product: 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione).

4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives.Benzofuran is one of the most significant oxygen-containing heterocycles consisting of fused benzene and furan ring, which are widely presented in various naturally occurring and synthetically active compounds. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory.Recommanded Product: 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

In vivo vocal fold augmentation using an injectable polyethylene glycol hydrogel based on click chemistry was written by Kwon, Soonmin;Choi, Hyunsu;Park, Changhee;Choi, Sangkee;Kim, Eunha;Kim, Sung Won;Kim, Choung-Soo;Koo, Heebeom. And the article was included in Biomaterials Science in 2021.Name: 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione This article mentions the following:

It is important to focus on urgent needs in clinics and develop optimal materials. For successful augmentation of vocal folds, the ideal filler should be injectable through a syringe, and should stably maintain its volume for a long time without toxicity. To achieve these criteria, a click chem.-based PEG (polyethylene glycol) hydrogel was developed and applied for vocal fold augmentation in vivo. The PEG hydrogel enables fast gelation in vivo after injection and provides long-term stability. Azide- and dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-modified 4-arm PEG were crosslinked by chem. conjugation via click chem. and yielded gelation within several minutes. After s.c. injection into mice and rats, the PEG hydrogel showed higher stability after 1 mo compared to the traditionally used calcium hydroxyapatite-CM-cellulose (CaHA-CMC) filler. In rabbit models with vocal fold paralysis, the PEG hydrogel stably fixed the paralyzed vocal fold in 4 mo and minimized the glottic gap. It was an improved therapeutic result compared to CaHA-CMC, demonstrating the potential of a click chem.-based PEG hydrogel for vocal fold therapy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9Name: 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione).

4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Name: 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Synthesis and Anti-Cholinesterase Activity of Novel Glycosyl Benzofuranylthiazole Derivatives was written by Cao, L.;Jiang, K.;Shao, Zh.;Wang, Y.;Liu, Sh.;Lu, X.;Wu, Y.;Chen, Ch.;Su, Z.;Wang, L.;Liu, W.;Shi, D.;Cao, Zh.. And the article was included in Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.Quality Control of 1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone This article mentions the following:

A new series of glycosyl benzofuranylthiazole derivatives, e.g. I, were designed, synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as potential candidates to treat Alzheimer’s disease. The compounds have been synthesized by the cyclocondensation of glycosyl thiourea with a variety of 2-(bromoacetyl)benzofurans. The reaction conditions have been optimized, and good yields (79-95%) have been obtained. The synthesized compounds showed different degrees of cholinesterase inhibitory activity. Compound I was the most active inhibitor against acetylcholinesterase AChE with an inhibition rate of 37%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 38220-75-6Quality Control of 1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone).

1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 38220-75-6) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.Quality Control of 1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Novel Fluorescent Polyurethane Coating on Fabric with Acid-Base Indicating Function in Solution was written by Shu, Yihu;Gao, Jian;Wang, Chaoxia;Yin, Yunjie. And the article was included in ChemistrySelect in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one This article mentions the following:

The authors synthesized a series of novel fluorescence polyurethane (FPU) films. The effect of different contents, different solvents and different pH on the fluorescence intensity were investigated in detail. In accordance with increasing proportion of 2,7-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) in the FPU, the emission peak exhibit a gradual bathochromic shift and the fluorescence intensity show a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The strong fluorescence emission of the obtained fluorescent film is in the range of about 570 nm. The maximum fluorescence intensity is 842, and the reflectance of the film is 21% with a bright yellow at this time. In addition, acid-base response fluorescence emission performance are endowed the fluorescent polyurethane film in the solution state. By establishing the relationship between the concentration and the fluorescence emission intensity, the fluorescence intensity can be clearly known through the color difference, and the concentration of 0.25% is selected for doping to achieve the balance between the emission intensity and the color of the fluorescent substance. The authors use hot-pressing to finish the fluorescent polyurethane (FPU) film on the surface of the fabric at a lower temperature (Compared with high temperature and high pressure dyeing method). There is a potential application prospects for our fluorescent polyurethane films in chem. sensing, biol. imaging, anti-counterfeiting technol., and smart light-emitting fabrics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Application In Synthesis of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.Application In Synthesis of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Synthesis, characterization, and thermal degradation of novel poly(2-(5-bromo benzofuran-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl methacrylate) was written by Koca, Murat;Kurt, Adnan;Kirilmis, Cumhur;Aydogdu, Yildirim. And the article was included in Polymer Engineering & Science in 2012.Category: benzofurans This article mentions the following:

A novel methacrylate monomer containing benzofuran side group, 2-(5-bromo benzofuran-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl methacrylate (BOEMA), was synthesized from esterification reaction of 2-bromo-1-(5-bromo benzofuran-2-yl) ethanone with sodium methacrylate at 85°C in the presence of 1,4-dioxane solvent. After characterization with Fourier transform IR spectrophotometer, NMR (¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR), its homopolymerization was carried out by free radical polymerization at 60°C in the presence of benzoyl peroxide initiator and 1,4-dioxane solvent. The glass transition temperature (T_g) of the synthesized novel polymer, poly(2-(5-bromo benzofuran-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl methacrylate) [poly(BOEMA)], was determined to be 137°C with differential scanning calorimetry technique. Thermal degradation kinetics of poly(BOEMA) was investigated by thermogravimetric anal. method at different heating rates with 5°C/min intervals between measurements. From dynamic measurements, the anal. of each process mechanism of Coats-Redfern and Van Krevelen methods showed that the most probable model for the decomposition process of poly(BOEMA) homopolymer agrees with the random nucleation, F₁ mechanism. The apparent decomposition activation energies of poly(BOEMA) by Kissinger’s and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa methods in the studied conversion range were 188.47 and 180.13 kJ/mol, resp. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 38220-75-6Category: benzofurans).

1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 38220-75-6) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Many natural or synthetic compounds containing benzofuran skeletons have been found to possess remarkable activity as agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Category: benzofurans

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Melatonin Pretreatment Protects Against Status epilepticus, Glutamate Transport, and Oxidative Stress Induced by Kainic Acid in Zebrafish was written by de Farias, Ana Caroline Salvador;de Pieri Pickler, Karolyne;Bernardo, Henrique Teza;Baldin, Samira Leila;Dondossola, Eduardo Ronconi;Rico, Eduardo Pacheco. And the article was included in Molecular Neurobiology in 2022.Name: 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one This article mentions the following:

Status epilepticus (SE) develops from abnormal elec. discharges, resulting in neuronal damage. Current treatments include antiepileptic drugs. However, the most common drugs used to treat seizures may sometimes be ineffective and have many side effects. Melatonin is an endogenous physiol. hormone that is considered an alternative treatment for neurol. disorders because of its free radical scavenging property. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effects of melatonin pretreatment on SE by inducing glutamatergic hyperstimulation in zebrafish. Seizures were induced in zebrafish using kainic acid (KA), a glutamate analog, and the seizure intensity was recorded for 60 min. Melatonin treatment for 7 days showed a decrease in seizure intensity (28%), latency to reach score 5 (14 min), and duration of SE (29%). In addition, melatonin treatment attenuated glutamate transporter levels, which significantly decreased in the zebrafish brain after 12 h of KA-induced seizures. Melatonin treatment reduced the increase in oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species formation through thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and 2′,7′-dichiorofluorescin, induced by KA-seizure. An imbalance of antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase and catalase was influenced by melatonin and KA-induced seizures. Our study indicates that melatonin promotes a neuroprotective response against the epileptic profile in zebrafish. These effects could be related to the modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission, recovery of glutamate uptake, and oxidative stress parameters in the zebrafish brain. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Name: 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Many natural or synthetic compounds containing benzofuran skeletons have been found to possess remarkable activity as agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory.Name: 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem