Day: February 10, 2023

A pantetheinase-resistant pantothenamide with potent, on-target, and selective antiplasmodial activity was written by Macuamule, Cristiano J.;Tjhin, Erick T.;Jana, Collins E.;Barnard, Leanne;Koekemoer, Lizbe;de Villiers, Marianne;Saliba, Kevin J.;Strauss, Erick. And the article was included in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy in 2015.Category: benzofurans This article mentions the following:

Pantothenamides inhibit blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum with potencies (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50], ∼20 nM) similar to that of chloroquine. They target processes dependent on pantothenate, a precursor of the essential metabolic cofactor CoA. However, their antiplasmodial activity is reduced due to degradation by serum pantetheinase. Minor modification of the pantothenamide structure led to the identification of α-methyl-N-phenethyl-pantothenamide, a pantothenamide resistant to degradation, with excellent antiplasmodial activity (IC50, 52 ± 6 nM), target specificity, and low toxicity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9Category: benzofurans).

4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Category: benzofurans

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Hydrogen peroxide-responsive platelet membrane-coated nanoparticles for thrombus therapy was written by Zhao, Yi;Xie, Ruosen;Yodsanit, Nisakorn;Ye, Mingzhou;Wang, Yuyuan;Wang, Bowen;Guo, Lian-Wang;Kent, K. Craig;Gong, Shaoqin. And the article was included in Biomaterials Science in 2021.Name: 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one This article mentions the following:

Occlusion of blood vessels caused by thrombi is the major pathogenesis of various catastrophic cardiovascular diseases. Thrombi can be prevented or treated by antithrombotic drugs. However, free antithrombotic drugs often have relatively low therapeutic efficacy due to a number of limitations such as short half-life, unexpected bleeding complications, low thrombus targeting capability, and negligible hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-scavenging ability. Inspired by the abundance of H₂O₂and the active thrombus-targeting property of platelets, a H₂O₂-responsive platelet membrane-cloaked argatroban-loaded polymeric nanoparticle (PNPArg) was developed for thrombus therapy. Poly(vanillyl alc.-co-oxalate) (PVAX), a H₂O₂-degradable polymer, was synthesized to form an argatroban-loaded nanocore, which was further coated with platelet membrane. The PNPArg can effectively target the blood clots due to the thrombus-homing property of the cloaked platelet membrane, and subsequently exert combined H₂O₂-scavenging effect via the H₂O₂-degradable nanocarrier polymer and antithrombotic effect via argatroban, the released payload. The PNPArg effectively scavenged H₂O₂and protected cells from H₂O₂-induced cellular injury in RAW 264.7 cells and HUVECs. The PNPArg rapidly targeted the thrombosed vessels and remarkably suppressed thrombus formation, and the levels of H₂O₂and inflammatory cytokines in the ferric chloride-induced carotid arterial thrombosis mouse model. Safety assessment indicated good biocompatibility of the PNPArg. Taken together, the biomimetic PNPArg offers multiple functionalities including thrombus-targeting, antioxidation, and H₂O₂-stimulated antithrombotic action, thereby making it a promising therapeutic nanomedicine for thrombosis diseases. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Name: 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Many natural or synthetic compounds containing benzofuran skeletons have been found to possess remarkable activity as agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.Name: 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

A sequential injection fluorimetric methodology with in-line solid phase extraction for biogenic amines screening in water was written by Ribas, Tania C. F.;Toth, Ildiko V.;Rangel, Antonio O. S. S.. And the article was included in International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry in 2019.Reference of 38183-12-9 This article mentions the following:

A method for the screening of biogenic amines in waters, whose presence at some concentration levels potentially cause adverse effects on humans, was developed for the first time. A suitable and easy to operate system, with low reagent consumption was devised. The proposed flow-based system was divided into two anal. parts, preconcentration and derivatization of the biogenic amines. Solid phase extraction, using a Chelex 100 resin, was the newly chosen strategy for preconcentration of the analyte and also removal of possible matrix interferences. Fluorescamine was used as derivatization reagent for biogenic amines followed by fluorimetric detection. The influence of different sorbent materials for preconcentration and flow system parameters such as pH of standards and buffer, composition of the eluent solution, flow-rates, standard/sample volume, were studied. The interference of ammonia was assessed, and no interference was observed The limits of detection and quantification were 1.7 and 5.6μmol L^-1, resp. The developed system was applied to water samples and the recovery results were 98 ± 7%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9Reference of 38183-12-9).

4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. In nature, benzofurans have occupied an important role among the plant phenols & several pharmacologically active compounds.Reference of 38183-12-9

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

SeO₂-Mediated One-Pot Synthesis of 3-Cyanofurans from 3-Oxo-3-arylpropanenitriles and Substituted Acetaldehydes was written by Zhou, Jie;Zhu, Xinhai;Huang, Manna;Wan, Yiqian. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2017.Application In Synthesis of Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

An SeO₂-mediated one-pot method was established for the synthesis of 3-cyanofurans I (R¹ = 2-Cl, 4-OMe, 2-F, 4-Cl, etc.; R² = i-Pr, t-Bu, Et, etc.) from 3-oxo-3-arylpropanenitriles and substituted acetaldehydes. The generality of the reaction was explored, and a plausible mechanism is proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate (cas: 1646-27-1Application In Synthesis of Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate).

Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate (cas: 1646-27-1) belongs to benzofurans derivatives.Benzofuran is one of the most significant oxygen-containing heterocycles consisting of fused benzene and furan ring, which are widely presented in various naturally occurring and synthetically active compounds. Introduction of benzofurans in organic synthesis, particularly drug synthesis, involves generally the use of their metalated species as nucleophiles in addition reactions or in metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.Application In Synthesis of Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Synthesis and evaluation of 2-pyridylbenzothiazole, 2-pyridylbenzoxazole and 2-pyridylbenzofuran derivatives as ¹¹C-PET imaging agents for β-amyloid plaques was written by Swahn, Britt-Marie;Wensbo, David;Sandell, Johan;Sohn, Daniel;Slivo, Can;Pyring, David;Malmstroem, Jonas;Arzel, Erwan;Vallin, Michaela;Bergh, Margareta;Jeppsson, Fredrik;Johnson, Allan E.;Jureus, Anders;Neelissen, Jan;Svensson, Samuel. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2010.Formula: C9H9BO4 This article mentions the following:

The syntheses and SAR of new series of β-amyloid binding agents are reported. The effort to optimize signal-to-background ratios for these ligands are described. Compounds I (X = S, O) and II displayed desirable lipophilicity and pharmacokinetic properties. Compounds I (X = S, O) were evaluated with in vitro autoradiog. studies and in vivo in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. It is shown that it was possible to increase the signal-to-background ratios compared to PIB 1, as demonstrated by compounds I (X = S, O). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (5-Methoxybenzofuran-2-yl)boronic acid (cas: 551001-79-7Formula: C9H9BO4).

(5-Methoxybenzofuran-2-yl)boronic acid (cas: 551001-79-7) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. In nature, benzofurans have occupied an important role among the plant phenols & several pharmacologically active compounds.Formula: C9H9BO4

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Inhibition of aromatase (P450_Arom) by some 1-(benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)imidazoles was written by Owen, Caroline P.;Nicholls, Paul J.;Smith, H. John;Whomsley, Rhys. And the article was included in Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology in 1999.Related Products of 1646-27-1 This article mentions the following:

Studies of a series of 1-(benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)imidazoles, 1-5, previously proposed as potential agents for prostatic cancer by their inhibition of 17β-hydroxylase: 17,20-lyase (P 450 17), have been extended to their selectivity against placental microsomal aromatase (P 450_Arom) in man. The compounds were 3-7-fold more potent than aminoglutethimide and had some selectivity for P 450 17 as expressed by the ratio (IC50 P 450_Arom)/(IC50 P 450) 17/17.0 (2), 10.3 (3), 34.6 (4) and 42.0 (5), where IC50 is the concentration resulting in 50% inhibition. The lower potency of 1-5 towards P 450_Arom compared with the racemic α-phenyl-substituted compounds (6, 80-1000 × aminoglutethimide) and some racemic α-Me (8.5 and 12.2 × aminoglutethimide) and α-Et (12.1 and 32.9 × aminoglutethimide) analogs has been rationalized. This work selectively extends studies of the P 450 17 inhibitor 5, a potential prostatic cancer agent, towards other cytochrome P 450 enzymes in the steroidogenic pathway and provides a general method for determining the relative influence of chem. manipulation of a parent inhibitor towards two enzymes in the pathway using addnl. literature data. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate (cas: 1646-27-1Related Products of 1646-27-1).

Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate (cas: 1646-27-1) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are only weakly aromatic in nature and they are cleaved by many oxidative and reductive conditions. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antioxidant, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, insecticidal.Related Products of 1646-27-1

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Molecularly engineered AIEgens with enhanced quantum and singlet-oxygen yield for mitochondria-targeted imaging and photodynamic therapy was written by Xu, Fang-Zhou;Zhu, Ling;Han, Hai-Hao;Zou, Jian-Wei;Zang, Yi;Li, Jia;James, Tony D.;He, Xiao-Peng;Wang, Cheng-Yun. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2022.Safety of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one This article mentions the following:

Luminogens characteristic of aggregation-induced emission (AIEgens) have been extensively exploited for the development of imaging-guided photodynamic therapeutic (PDT) agents. However, intramol. rotation of donor-acceptor (D-A) type AIEgens favors non-radiative decay of photonic energy which results in unsatisfactory fluorescence quantum and singlet oxygen yields. To address this issue, we developed several molecularly engineered AIEgens with partially “locked” mol. structures enhancing both fluorescence emission and the production of triplet excitons. A triphenylphosphine group was introduced to form a D-A conjugate, improving water solubility and the capacity for mitochondrial localization of the resulting probes. Exptl. and theor. analyses suggest that the much higher quantum and singlet oxygen yield of a structurally “significantly-locked” probe (LOCK-2) than its “partially locked” (LOCK-1) and “unlocked” equivalent (LOCK-0) is a result of suppressed AIE and twisted intramol. charge transfer. LOCK-2 was also used for the mitochondrial-targeting, fluorescence image-guided PDT of liver cancer cells. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Safety of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Many natural or synthetic compounds containing benzofuran skeletons have been found to possess remarkable activity as agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antioxidant, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, insecticidal.Safety of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Pyran series, its analogs, and related compounds. XXXV. Reaction of 4-chlorocoumarin and sodium alcoholates was written by Zagorevskii, V. A.;Savel’ev, V. L.;Dudykina, N. V.. And the article was included in Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin. in 1970.HPLC of Formula: 1646-27-1 This article mentions the following:

Reaction of 4-chlorocoumarin (I) with NaOH in aqueous dioxane at 20° gave 92.5% (o-hydroxyphenyl)-propiolic acid (II); under reflux the reaction gave 80% benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid (III). II was hydrogenated over Pd/BaSO4 to give 81% (o-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid. II, heated with aqueous NaOH, gave 83% III. I, treated with NaOMe in MeOH at 20°, gave 95.6% 4-methoxycoumarin (IV); at 70° the reaction gave 91.1% IV and 7.5% III. I with MeONa in MeOH-dioxane gave 64% IV, 17% III, and 12% III Me ester. Reaction of I with EtONa in EtOH at 70° gave 38% 4-ethoxycoumarin (V), 11% III, and 31.6% III Et ester (VI). In EtOH-dioxane the reaction gave 17.4% V, 7.5% III, and 48% VI. I with PhONa in dioxane gave 85% 4-phenoxycoumarin and 13% II. I with Me2NCH2CH2ONa in PhMe gave 15% (as HCl salt) 2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]coumarin, ester (VII) of III, 15% III, and 18% 4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]coumarin, which with concentrated HCl gave 4-hydroxycoumarin; VII.HCl similarly gave III. V treated with EtONa in EtOH-dioxane gave 24% 4-hydroxycoumarin and traces of VI; analogous results were obtained in EtOH alone. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate (cas: 1646-27-1HPLC of Formula: 1646-27-1).

Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate (cas: 1646-27-1) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.HPLC of Formula: 1646-27-1

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Direct Carboxylation of Electron-Rich Heteroarenes Promoted by LiO-tBu with CsF and [18]Crown-6 was written by Shigeno, Masanori;Hanasaka, Kazuya;Sasaki, Keita;Nozawa-Kumada, Kanako;Kondo, Yoshinori. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2019.Safety of Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

The combination of LiO-tBu, CsF, and [18]crown-6 efficiently promoting the direct C-H carboxylation of electron-rich heteroarenes (benzothiophene, thiophene, benzofuran, and furan derivatives) I (R = Me, CN, Br, MeO, Cl, F; R¹ = H, CH₃, Br) and II (R² = Br, C₆H₅, C(O)C₆H₅, etc.; R³ = H; R²R³ = CH=CH-CH=CH; X = O, S) has been demonstrated. A variety of functional groups, including Me, methoxy, halo, cyano, amide, and keto moieties, is compatible with this system. The reaction proceeds via the formation of a tert-Bu carbonate species. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate (cas: 1646-27-1Safety of Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate).

Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate (cas: 1646-27-1) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are only weakly aromatic in nature and they are cleaved by many oxidative and reductive conditions. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory.Safety of Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Detection of Zinc(II) by a Fluorescence Chemosensor Based on Benzofuran in Aqueous Media and Live Cells was written by Jang, Hyo Jung;Kim, Ahran;Jung, Jae Min;Lee, Misun;Lim, Mi Hee;Kim, Cheal. And the article was included in Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society in 2018.Related Products of 54802-10-7 This article mentions the following:

A fluorescence chemosensor HBC ((E)-3-((2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)benzofuran-2-carboxamide) for detection of Zn²⁺ was designed by the condensation combination of 3-aminobenzofuran-2-carboxamide and salicylaldehyde. Sensor HBC showed an excellent selective “off-on” fluorescent response toward Zn²⁺. Detection limit (1.08μM) for Zn²⁺ was much lower than the WHO standard (76.0μM). Importantly, HBC could recognize and quantify Zn²⁺ in real samples and live cells. Detection process of HBC for Zn²⁺ was explained by ESI-mass, Job plot, UV-Vis and ¹H NMR titrations, and theor. calculations In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Aminobenzofuran-2-carboxamide (cas: 54802-10-7Related Products of 54802-10-7).

3-Aminobenzofuran-2-carboxamide (cas: 54802-10-7) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.Related Products of 54802-10-7

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem