Heterocyclic Building Block-benzofuran

Metabotropic 5-HT receptor-mediated effects in the human submucous plexus was written by Annahazi, Anita;Berger, Thomas Erwin;Demir, Ihsan Ekin;Zeller, Florian;Mueller, Michael;Anneser, Markus;Skerra, Arne;Michel, Klaus;Schemann, Michael. And the article was included in Neurogastroenterology & Motility in 2022.Application of 179474-81-8 This article mentions the following:

Serotonin (5-HT) is an important mediator in the gastrointestinal tract, acting on different neuronal 5-HT receptors. The ionotropic 5-HT₃ receptor mediates immediate but transient spike discharge in human enteric neurons. We studied the role of the metabotropic 5-HT_1P, 5-HT₄, and 5-HT₇ receptors to activate human submucous neurons. Neuroimaging using the voltage sensitive dye Di-8-ANEPPS was performed in submucous plexus preparations from human surgical specimens of the small and large intestine. We synthesized a new, stable 5-HT_1P agonist, 5-benzyloxyhydrazonoindalpine (5-BOHIP). 5-HT evoked a fast and late-onset spike discharge in enteric neurons. The fast component was blocked by the 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist cilansetron, while the remaining sustained response was significantly reduced by the 5-HT1P receptor antagonist 5-hydroxytryptophanyl-5-hydroxytryptophan amide (5-HTP-DP). The newly synthesized 5-HT_1P agonist 5-BOHIP induced a slowly developing, long-lasting activation of submucous neurons, which was blocked by 5-HTP-DP. We could not demonstrate any 5-HT₇ receptor-induced spike discharge based on the lack of response to 5-carboxamidotryptamine. Similarly, the 5-HT₄ agonists 5-methoxytryptamine and prucalopride evoked no immediate or late-onset spike discharge. Our work demonstrated for the first time the presence of functional 5-HT_1P receptors on human submucous neurons. Furthermore, we found no evidence for a role of 5-HT₄ or 5-HT₇ receptors in the postsynaptic activation of human submucous neurons by 5-HT. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-5-chloro-N-(1-(3-methoxypropyl)piperidin-4-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxamide (cas: 179474-81-8Application of 179474-81-8).

4-Amino-5-chloro-N-(1-(3-methoxypropyl)piperidin-4-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxamide (cas: 179474-81-8) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. In nature, benzofurans have occupied an important role among the plant phenols & several pharmacologically active compounds.Application of 179474-81-8

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Two New Limonoids from the Root Bark of Chinese Medicinal Plant Dictamnus dasycarpus was written by Wang, Li-Li;Jiang, Cheng-Shi;Fu, Yan;Chen, Fei-Fei;Lan, Le-Fu;Zhang, Hai-Yan;Guo, Yue-Wei. And the article was included in Helvetica Chimica Acta in 2014.Recommanded Product: 28808-62-0 This article mentions the following:

Two new limonoids, kihadanin C (I) and 23-methoxydasylactone A (II), together with seven related known ones, were isolated from the root bark of the plant Dictamnus dasycarpus. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive analyses of their spectroscopic data (1D- and 2D-NMR, MS) and by comparison of their NMR data with those reported in the literature. To the best of our knowledge, I presents the first example of A,D-seco limonoid with an unusual 3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran moiety as ring E. In the bioassay in vitro, dasylactone B7 showed moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, while fraxinellone and isofraxinellone displayed neuroprotective activities against H₂O₂-induced injury in SH-SY5Y cells. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3R,3aR)-3-(Furan-3-yl)-3a,7-dimethyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydroisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one (cas: 28808-62-0Recommanded Product: 28808-62-0).

(3R,3aR)-3-(Furan-3-yl)-3a,7-dimethyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydroisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one (cas: 28808-62-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. Introduction of benzofurans in organic synthesis, particularly drug synthesis, involves generally the use of their metalated species as nucleophiles in addition reactions or in metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.Recommanded Product: 28808-62-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Rifaximin modulates TRH and TRH-like peptide expression throughout the brain and peripheral tissues of male rats was written by Pekary, Albert Eugene;Sattin, Albert. And the article was included in BMC Neuroscience in 2022.Electric Literature of C43H51N3O11 This article mentions the following:

Abstract: Background: The TRH/TRH-R1 receptor signaling pathway within the neurons of the dorsal vagal complex is an important mediator of the brain-gut axis. Mental health and protection from a variety of neuropathologies, such as autism, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, major depression, migraine and epilepsy are influenced by the gut microbiome and is mediated by the vagus nerve. The antibiotic rifaximin (RF) does not cross the gut-blood barrier. It changes the composition of the gut microbiome resulting in therapeutic benefits for traveler’s diarrhea, hepatic encephalopathy, and prostatitis. TRH and TRH-like peptides, with the structure pGlu-X-Pro-NH₂, where “X” can be any amino acid residue, have reproduction-enhancing, caloric-restriction-like, anti-aging, pancreatic-β cell-, cardiovascular-, and neuroprotective effects. TRH and TRH-like peptides occur not only throughout the CNS but also in peripheral tissues. To elucidate the involvement of TRH-like peptides in brain-gut-reproductive system interactions 16 male Sprague-Dawley rats, 203 ± 6 g, were divided into 4 groups (n = 4/group): the control (CON) group remained on ad libitum Purina rodent chow and water for 10 days until decapitation, acute (AC) group receiving 150 mg RF/kg powd. rodent chow for 24 h providing 150 mg RF/kg body weight for 200 g rats, chronic (CHR) animals receiving RF for 10 days; withdrawal (WD) rats receiving RF for 8 days and then normal chow for 2 days. Results: Significant changes in the levels of TRH and TRH-like peptides occurred throughout the brain and peripheral tissues in response to RF. The number of significant changes in TRH and TRH-like peptide levels in brain resulting from RF treatment, in descending order were: medulla (16), piriform cortex (8), nucleus accumbens (7), frontal cortex (5), striatum (3), amygdala (3), entorhinal cortex (3), anterior (2), and posterior cingulate (2), hippocampus (1), hypothalamus (0) and cerebellum (0). The corresponding ranking for peripheral tissues were: prostate (6), adrenals (4), pancreas (3), liver (2), testis (1), heart (0). Conclusions: The sensitivity of TRH and TRH-like peptide expression to RF treatment, particularly in the medulla oblongata and prostate, is consistent with the participation of these peptides in the therapeutic effects of RF. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,16Z,18E,20S,21S,22R,23R,24R,25S,26R,27S,28E)-25-(Acetyloxy)-5,6,21,23-tetrahydroxy-27-methoxy-2,4,11,16,20,22,24,26-octamethyl-2,7-(epoxypentadeca[1,11,13]trienimino)benzofuro[4,5-e]pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole-1,15(2H)-dione (cas: 80621-81-4Electric Literature of C43H51N3O11).

(2S,16Z,18E,20S,21S,22R,23R,24R,25S,26R,27S,28E)-25-(Acetyloxy)-5,6,21,23-tetrahydroxy-27-methoxy-2,4,11,16,20,22,24,26-octamethyl-2,7-(epoxypentadeca[1,11,13]trienimino)benzofuro[4,5-e]pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole-1,15(2H)-dione (cas: 80621-81-4) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.Electric Literature of C43H51N3O11

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Use of tetraethyl dimethylaminomethylenediphosphonate in the synthesis of benzothiophene-2-acetic acid and other carboxylic acids was written by Degenhardt, Charles R.. And the article was included in Synthetic Communications in 1982.Computed Properties of C10H8O3 This article mentions the following:

Aldehydes I (R = H, Me) reacted with Me₂NCH[P(O)(OEt)₂]₂ (II) to yield condensation products III, which were hydrolyzed to acids IV. I (R = H) was treated with II and NaH, and the III (R = H) obtained was heated with HCl to give IV (R = H). Similarly, 2-benzofuranacetic acid and Me(CH₂)₈CH₂CHO were prepared from 2-benzofurancarboxaldehye and Me(CH₂)₈CHO. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Benzofuranacetic acid (cas: 62119-70-4Computed Properties of C10H8O3).

2-Benzofuranacetic acid (cas: 62119-70-4) belongs to benzofurans derivatives.Benzofuran is one of the most significant oxygen-containing heterocycles consisting of fused benzene and furan ring, which are widely presented in various naturally occurring and synthetically active compounds. They are also prone to polymerisation in the presence of concentrated mineral acids and Lewis acids.Computed Properties of C10H8O3

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Identification of Hydrogen Peroxide-Secreting Cells by Cytocompatible Coating with a Hydrogel Membrane was written by Liu, Yang;Sakai, Shinji;Kawa, Shogo;Taya, Masahito. And the article was included in Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) in 2014.Reference of 3326-34-9 This article mentions the following:

A method for identifying each cell secreting reactive oxygen species (ROS) is highly desirable to advance the understanding of the physiol. and pathol. processes attributed to extracellular ROS. Here, the authors first report a method for realizing this. The individual cells secreting hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), a common ROS, could be coated by a hydrogel membrane through a horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed reaction consuming H₂O₂ secreted from the cells themselves. This hydrogel membrane coating is cytocompatible. In addition, the hydrogel membrane made from an alginate derivative could be removed on demand without causing damage to the enclosed cells. These results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method to be an effective tool in cellular ROS studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Amino-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 3326-34-9Reference of 3326-34-9).

5-Amino-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 3326-34-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antioxidant, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, insecticidal.Reference of 3326-34-9

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Cationic Rh(I) Catalyst in Fluorinated Alcohol: Mild Intramolecular Cycloaddition Reactions of Ester-Tethered Unsaturated Compounds was written by Saito, Akio;Ono, Takamitsu;Hanzawa, Yuji. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2006.Name: 5-Methylisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one This article mentions the following:

In fluorinated alcs., the cationic Rh(I) species, which is derived from [Rh(COD)Cl]₂ and AgSbF₆, efficiently catalyzed intramol. [4+2] cycloaddition reactions of ester-tethered 1,3-diene-8-yne derivatives The catalytic system was also effective in intramol. [5+2] cycloaddition reactions of ester-tethered ω-alkynyl vinylcyclopropane compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Methylisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one (cas: 54120-64-8Name: 5-Methylisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one).

5-Methylisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one (cas: 54120-64-8) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives have shown many biological activities, including antifungal and antimicrobial properties, and acting as antagonists of H3 receptors and angiotensin II. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Name: 5-Methylisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Multicolor FRET Silica Nanoparticles by Single Wavelength Excitation was written by Wang, Lin;Tan, Weihong. And the article was included in Nano Letters in 2006.Product Details of 92557-80-7 This article mentions the following:

Fluorescent nanoparticles with multiple emission signatures by a single wavelength excitation are needed in multiplex bioanal. and mol. imaging. The authors have prepared silica nanoparticles encapsulated with three organic dyes using a modified Stoeber synthesis method. By varying the doping ratio of the three tandem dyes, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-mediated emission signatures can be tuned to have the nanoparticles exhibit multiple colors under one single wavelength excitation. These nanoparticles are intensely fluorescent, highly photostable, uniform in size, and biocompatible. The acceptor emission of the FRET nanoparticles has generated a large Stokes shift, which implicates broad applications in biol. labeling and imaging. Mol. recognition moieties, such as biotin, can be covalently attached to the nanoparticle surface to allow for specific binding to target mols. These multicolor FRET silica nanoparticles can be used as barcoding tags for multiplexed signaling. By using these NPs, one can envision a dynamic, multicolor, colocalization methodol. to follow proteins, nucleic acids, mol. machines, and assemblies within living systems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 3′,6′-dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-5-carboxylate (cas: 92557-80-7Product Details of 92557-80-7).

2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 3′,6′-dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-5-carboxylate (cas: 92557-80-7) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Introduction of benzofurans in organic synthesis, particularly drug synthesis, involves generally the use of their metalated species as nucleophiles in addition reactions or in metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.Product Details of 92557-80-7

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Inhibition of double-stranded RNA-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by fraxinellone and sauchinone in murine microglia was written by Lee, Chang Seok;Won, Cheolhee;Yoo, Hyouna;Yi, Eun Hee;Cho, Yuri;Maeng, Jung Woo;Sung, Sang Hyun;Ye, Sang-Kyu;Chung, Myung-Hee. And the article was included in Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 2009.Safety of (3R,3aR)-3-(Furan-3-yl)-3a,7-dimethyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydroisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one This article mentions the following:

Fraxinellone and sauchinone, isolated from natural substance, are known to have an anti-inflammatory effect in inflammatory conditions. However, the anti-inflammatory actions of these compounds have been insufficiently demonstrated in viral-induced neuroinflammation. A viral component (double-stranded (ds)RNA) triggers a toll-like receptor 3-dependent inflammatory response that stimulates pro-inflammatory mediators in the brain. In present study, we initially examined the biol. effects of fraxinellone and sauchinone on anti-inflammatory actions in dsRNA-stimulated microglia. Both compounds inhibited dsRNA-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, a major pro-inflammatory enzyme. To demonstrate the mechanism of inhibitory effect on iNOS expression, we further examined the signaling pathway induced by dsRNA in microglia. Our data show that dsRNA promotes the expression of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT)1/3 identified as major inflammatory transcription factors as well as activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in an early time. Moreover, both compounds suppressed activation of JNK-STAT1/3 signaling pathway. These results suggest that an anti-inflammatory effect by fraxinellone and sauchinone is mediated via blockade of the JNK-STAT1/3-iNOS signaling pathway in viral-infected microglia. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3R,3aR)-3-(Furan-3-yl)-3a,7-dimethyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydroisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one (cas: 28808-62-0Safety of (3R,3aR)-3-(Furan-3-yl)-3a,7-dimethyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydroisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one).

(3R,3aR)-3-(Furan-3-yl)-3a,7-dimethyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydroisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one (cas: 28808-62-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory.Safety of (3R,3aR)-3-(Furan-3-yl)-3a,7-dimethyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydroisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Condensates in the PY30-1 structure, Panyu Uplift, Pearl River Mouth Basin, south China sea: evidence for hydrothermal activity associated with petroleum migration and accumulation was written by Guo, Xiaowen;He, Sheng;Liu, Keyu;Cao, Feng;Shi, Hesheng;Zhu, Junzhang. And the article was included in Journal of Petroleum Geology in 2011.Formula: C16H10O This article mentions the following:

Condensates are present in the PY30-1 structure in the Panyu Uplift, Pearl River Mouth Basin. Biomarkers and compound-specific stable carbon isotope ratios of three condensate and two source rock samples indicate that the condensates were generated by lacustrine mudstones and coals in the Oligocene Enping Formation with a minor contribution from mudstones in the Eocene Wenchang Formation. Elevated vitrinite reflectance values, high smectite-illite transformation ratios, and elevated fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures (about 100°C higher than normal borehole temperatures) point to the influence of hydrothermal fluids at the PY30-1 structure. Hydrocarbon migration was found to have occurred at the same time as hydrothermal activity. Modeling of formation pressure evolution in the Wenchang and Enping Formation source rocks in the Baiyun Depression, adjacent to the south of the Panyu Uplift, suggest that there were three episodes of overpressure release at approx. 40-37 Ma, 33-31 Ma and 16-10 Ma. Overpressure release was probably induced by uplift and erosion during the Zhuqiong, Nanhai and Dongsha phases of tectonic deformation, resp. The third episode of overpressure release coincided with the main phase of hydrocarbon migration. The accumulation of condensates at the PY30-1 structure probably followed hydrocarbon expulsion from source rocks as a result of overpressure release in the adjacent Baiyun Depression. Vertical migration into overlying reservoir rocks occurred through faults associated with a fluid diapir which is present at the core of the PY30-1 structure. The faults are pathways along which petroleum can migrate up to shallow reservoirs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Naphtho[2,1-b]benzofuran (cas: 205-39-0Formula: C16H10O).

Naphtho[2,1-b]benzofuran (cas: 205-39-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Introduction of benzofurans in organic synthesis, particularly drug synthesis, involves generally the use of their metalated species as nucleophiles in addition reactions or in metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.Formula: C16H10O

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Nanofiber-Based Delivery of Therapeutic Peptides to the Brain was written by Mazza, Mariarosa;Notman, Rebecca;Anwar, Jamshed;Rodger, Alison;Hicks, Matthew;Parkinson, Gary;McCarthy, Dave;Daviter, Tina;Moger, Julian;Garrett, Natalie;Mead, Tania;Briggs, Michael;Schatzlein, Andreas G.;Uchegbu, Ijeoma F.. And the article was included in ACS Nano in 2013.Recommanded Product: H-Arg(Pbf)-OH This article mentions the following:

The delivery of therapeutic peptides and proteins to the central nervous system is the biggest challenge when developing effective neuropharmaceuticals. The central issue is that the blood-brain barrier is impermeable to most mols. Here we demonstrate the concept of employing an amphiphilic derivative of a peptide to deliver the peptide into the brain. The key to success is that the amphiphilic peptide should by design self-assemble into nanofibers wherein the active peptide epitope is tightly wrapped around the nanofiber core. The nanofiber form appears to protect the amphiphilic peptide from degradation while in the plasma, and the amphiphilic nature of the peptide promotes its transport across the blood-brain barrier. Therapeutic brain levels of the amphiphilic peptide are achieved with this strategy, compared with the absence of detectable peptide in the brain and the consequent lack of a therapeutic response when the underivatized peptide is administered. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, H-Arg(Pbf)-OH (cas: 200115-86-2Recommanded Product: H-Arg(Pbf)-OH).

H-Arg(Pbf)-OH (cas: 200115-86-2) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Many natural or synthetic compounds containing benzofuran skeletons have been found to possess remarkable activity as agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antioxidant, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, insecticidal.Recommanded Product: H-Arg(Pbf)-OH

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem