Day: February 22, 2023

Antimicrobial-resistant Bacteroides fragilis in Thailand and their inhibitory effect in vitro on the growth of Clostridioides difficile was written by Imwattana, Korakrit;Kiratisin, Pattarachai;Riley, Thomas V.. And the article was included in Anaerobe in 2022.COA of Formula: C43H51N3O11 This article mentions the following:

The aim of this study was to investigate antimicrobial-resistant Bacteroides fragilis in Thailand and possible effects of such strains on human health and disease. Phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on 17 clin. B. fragilis isolates. The genome of one isolate was sequenced and analyzed to explore its resistance genotype. An in vitro growth assay was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effect of B. fragilis on Clostridioides difficile. There was a high prevalence of clindamycin (71%), meropenem (47%) and moxifloxacin (29%) resistance. Most strains remained susceptible to metronidazole, but one had high-level metronidazole resistance conferred by a nimD-containing plasmid. B. fragilis displayed an in vitro inhibitory effect on the growth of C. difficile and a drug-resistant strain retained this inhibition in the presence of clindamycin. Antimicrobial resistance was seen in Thai B. fragils isolates, which may help protect the host against C. difficile infection. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,16Z,18E,20S,21S,22R,23R,24R,25S,26R,27S,28E)-25-(Acetyloxy)-5,6,21,23-tetrahydroxy-27-methoxy-2,4,11,16,20,22,24,26-octamethyl-2,7-(epoxypentadeca[1,11,13]trienimino)benzofuro[4,5-e]pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole-1,15(2H)-dione (cas: 80621-81-4COA of Formula: C43H51N3O11).

(2S,16Z,18E,20S,21S,22R,23R,24R,25S,26R,27S,28E)-25-(Acetyloxy)-5,6,21,23-tetrahydroxy-27-methoxy-2,4,11,16,20,22,24,26-octamethyl-2,7-(epoxypentadeca[1,11,13]trienimino)benzofuro[4,5-e]pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole-1,15(2H)-dione (cas: 80621-81-4) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives have shown many biological activities, including antifungal and antimicrobial properties, and acting as antagonists of H3 receptors and angiotensin II. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.COA of Formula: C43H51N3O11

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Forming mechanism of coke microparticles from polymerization of aqueous organics during hydrothermal carbonization process of biomass was written by Wang, Ruikun;Jia, Jiandong;Jin, Qingzhuang;Chen, Hongwei;Liu, Hantao;Yin, Qianqian;Zhao, Zhenghui. And the article was included in Carbon in 2022.Product Details of 496-16-2 This article mentions the following:

Corn stalk was selected as a typical biomass, and the growth mechanism of coke microparticles was studied. The coke microparticles that formed from through the polymerization of aqueous organics during the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) showed a considerable effect on the mass yield and physicochem. properties of the hydrochar. Results indicated that the average particle size of the coke microparticles rapidly increased to 6.25μm within the initial 2 h of HTC. The lower C/O at. ratio of the surface layer of the coke microparticles than that of the core, suggested that the core had a higher carbonization degree than the shell. On the basis of various measurements, the coke microparticles were inferred to have formed through the two stages of micronuclei formation and growth. Dissolved organics, including furfurals, furans, and phenols polymerized each other into aromatized macromols., and then formed solid-phase micronuclei. Subsequently, the oxygen containing groups of the micronuclei formed bonded with aqueous organic mols., as a result, the micronuclei grew up into coke microparticles. Meanwhile, the carbonization degree of the coke microparticles was enhanced due to continuous intra- and inter-mol. dehydration and decarboxylation reactions occurred between hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dihydrobenzo[b]furan (cas: 496-16-2Product Details of 496-16-2).

2,3-Dihydrobenzo[b]furan (cas: 496-16-2) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are only weakly aromatic in nature and they are cleaved by many oxidative and reductive conditions. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antioxidant, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, insecticidal.Product Details of 496-16-2

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Coprocessing of Catalytic-Pyrolysis-Derived Bio-Oil with VGO in a Pilot-Scale FCC Riser was written by Wang, Chenxi;Li, Mingrui;Fang, Yunming. And the article was included in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research in 2016.Formula: C16H10O This article mentions the following:

A catalytic-pyrolysis-derived bio-oil, which was characterized by higher H/C_eff ratio and lower oxygen content in comparison to fast-pyrolysis-derived bio-oil, was coprocessed with VGO in a pilot-scale FCC riser. The addition of the bio-oil up to 10% gave nearly equivalent oxygenate content and also similar selectivities of gasoline, bottom oil, and coke compared to those in VGO catalytic cracking alone, suggesting the catalytic-pyrolysis-derived bio-oil was a suitable feedstock for FCC coprocessing. However, the dry gas, including hydrogen and light alkane, was significantly decreased in the coprocessing experiment mainly because of the hydrogen transfer between bio-oil and VGO. Radiocarbon anal. of the product showed that 7% carbon of gasoline was derived from the bio-oil when 10% bio-oil was added to VGO. The coprocessing of biomass catalytic pyrolysis and FCC was highly promising for biomass conversion into biofuel. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Naphtho[2,1-b]benzofuran (cas: 205-39-0Formula: C16H10O).

Naphtho[2,1-b]benzofuran (cas: 205-39-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Many natural or synthetic compounds containing benzofuran skeletons have been found to possess remarkable activity as agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Formula: C16H10O

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Characterization of primary and secondary wood combustion products generated under different burner loads was written by Bruns, E. A.;Krapf, M.;Orasche, J.;Huang, Y.;Zimmermann, R.;Drinovec, L.;Mocnik, G.;El-Haddad, I.;Slowik, J. G.;Dommen, J.;Baltensperger, U.;Prevot, A. S. H.. And the article was included in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics in 2015.Category: benzofurans This article mentions the following:

Residential wood burning contributes to the total atm. aerosol burden; however, large uncertainties remain in the magnitude and characteristics of wood burning products. Primary emissions are influenced by a variety of parameters, including appliance type, burner wood load and wood type. In addition to directly emitted particles, previous laboratory studies have shown that oxidation of gas-phase emissions produces compounds with sufficiently low volatility to readily partition to the particles, forming considerable quantities of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). However, relatively little is known about wood burning SOA, and the effects of burn parameters on SOA formation and composition are yet to be determined There is clearly a need for further study of primary and secondary wood combustion aerosols to advance our knowledge of atm. aerosols and their impacts on health, air quality and climate. For the first time, smog chamber experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of wood loading on both primary and secondary wood combustion products. Products were characterized using a range of particle- and gas-phase instrumentation, including an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). A novel approach for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) quantification from AMS data was developed and results were compared to those from GC-MS anal. of filter samples. Similar total particle mass emission factors were observed under high and average wood loadings; however, high fuel loadings were found to generate significantly higher contributions of PAHs to the total organic aerosol (OA) mass compared to average loadings. PAHs contributed 15 ± 4% (mean ± 2 sample standard deviations) to the total OA mass in high-load experiments, compared to 4 ± 1% in average-load experiments With aging, total OA concentrations increased by a factor of 3 ± 1 for high load experiments compared to 1.6 ± 0.4 for average-load experiments In the AMS, an increase in PAH and aromatic signature ions at lower m/z values, likely fragments from larger functionalized PAHs, was observed with aging. Filter samples also showed an increase in functionalized PAHs in the particles with aging, particularly oxidized naphthalene species. As PAHs and their oxidation products are known to have deleterious effects on health, this is a noteworthy finding to aid in the mitigation of neg. wood burning impacts by improving burner operation protocols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Naphtho[2,1-b]benzofuran (cas: 205-39-0Category: benzofurans).

Naphtho[2,1-b]benzofuran (cas: 205-39-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. They are also prone to polymerisation in the presence of concentrated mineral acids and Lewis acids.Category: benzofurans

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Transition-Metal-Free Stereocomplementary Cross-Coupling of Diols with Boronic Acids as Nucleophiles was written by Ortega, Victor;del Castillo, Estefania;Csaky, Aurelio G.. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2017.Synthetic Route of C8H5BF3KO This article mentions the following:

The transition-metal-free diastereoselective C(sp²)-C(sp³) cross-coupling between unprotected diols and boronic acids or potassium organotrifluoroborates is reported. Depending on the reaction conditions, the syn or the anti reaction products are obtained in a stereocomplementary fashion. This type of coupling is developed with alkenyl-, heteroaryl- and arylboron compounds as carbon nucleophiles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Potassium benzofuran-2-yltrifluoroborate (cas: 929626-27-7Synthetic Route of C8H5BF3KO).

Potassium benzofuran-2-yltrifluoroborate (cas: 929626-27-7) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. In nature, benzofurans have occupied an important role among the plant phenols & several pharmacologically active compounds.Synthetic Route of C8H5BF3KO

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

A convenient synthetic route to 7,8-fused heterocyclic ring derivatives of (S)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-methanol was written by Andrew, Michael;Birch, Alan M.;Bradley, Paul A.. And the article was included in Synthesis in 1999.Synthetic Route of C8H6O2 This article mentions the following:

A much improved synthesis of (S)-2,3-dihydro-7H-1,4-dioxino[2,3-e]indole-2-methanol is described, which is shorter, higher-yielding, and less hazardous than the previous synthesis of its racemic form. This novel procedure allows preparation of multigram quantities of the enantiomerically pure compound Application of this methodol. to different 5-hydroxy heterocycles enables access to furo[3,2-f][1,4]benzodioxins, thieno[3,2-f][1,4]benzodioxins, and 1,4-dioxino[2,3-e]indazoles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzofuran-5-ol (cas: 13196-10-6Synthetic Route of C8H6O2).

Benzofuran-5-ol (cas: 13196-10-6) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives have shown many biological activities, including antifungal and antimicrobial properties, and acting as antagonists of H3 receptors and angiotensin II. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.Synthetic Route of C8H6O2

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Biomarker Measurements of Concurrent Exposure to Multiple Environmental Chemicals and Chemical Classes in Children was written by Sexton, Ken;Ryan, Andrew D.;Adgate, John L.;Barr, Dana Boyd;Needham, Larry L.. And the article was included in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues in 2011.Computed Properties of C10H12O2 This article mentions the following:

Concern is mounting that children from disadvantaged, low-income neighborhoods are likely to be both more exposed to chem. hazards and more susceptible to related adverse health effects. This article reports measurements of >75 individual biomarkers spanning 7 chem./pollutant classes in blood and urine from more than 100 children living in a socioeconomically disadvantaged and ethnically diverse area of south Minneapolis, MN. Results indicate that a significant proportion of children in the study were at the high end of the exposure distribution compared to national reference ranges for a variety of environmental chems. and/or their metabolites, including phthalates, organochlorine pesticides, organophosphate pesticides, metals, polychlorinated biphenyls, and volatile organic compounds In addition, levels of cotinine in urine indicate that more than half the children were regularly exposed to environmental tobacco smoke, with the upper 10th percentile exposed to relatively high concentrations In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-ol (cas: 1563-38-8Computed Properties of C10H12O2).

2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-ol (cas: 1563-38-8) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are only weakly aromatic in nature and they are cleaved by many oxidative and reductive conditions. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Computed Properties of C10H12O2

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Widely targeted metabolomics analysis of enriched secondary metabolites and determination of their corresponding antioxidant activities in Elaeagnus angustifolia var. orientalis (L.)Kuntze fruit juice enhanced by Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis HN-3 fermentation was written by Wang, Yixuan;Li, Hui;Li, Xiaozhen;Wang, Chenxi;Li, Qianhong;Xu, Meng;Guan, Xiangluo;Lan, Zhenghui;Ni, Yongqing;Zhang, Yan. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Quality Control of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(((6aR,12aR)-6a,12a-Dihydro-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4′,5′:5,6]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-3-yl)oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol This article mentions the following:

Elaeagnus angustifolia var. orientalis (L.)Kuntze fruit contains a large number of naturally occurring mols. present as glycoside, methylated, and Me ester conjugates, which should be hydolyzed or transformed to become bioactive forms. For this purpose, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN-3 was selected to ferment Elaeagnus angustifolia var. orientalis (L.)Kuntze fruit juice (EOJ). After fermentation, the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity of the EOJ increased significantly compared to the non-fermented EOJ. Using widely-targeted metabolomics anal., polyphenolic compounds involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway were determined to be up-regulated in the fermented EOJ. In addition, the metabolites generated by 8 deglycosidation, 5 demethylation, 5 hydrogenation, and 28 other reactions were detected in higher concentrations in the fermented EOJ compared to the non-fermented EOJ. Interestingly, these up-regulated metabolites have higher antioxidant and other biol. activities than their metabolic precursors, which provide a theor. basis for the development of Bifidobacterium-fermented plant products with stronger functional activities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(((6aR,12aR)-6a,12a-Dihydro-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4′,5′:5,6]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-3-yl)oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 6807-83-6Quality Control of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(((6aR,12aR)-6a,12a-Dihydro-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4′,5′:5,6]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-3-yl)oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol).

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(((6aR,12aR)-6a,12a-Dihydro-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4′,5′:5,6]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-3-yl)oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 6807-83-6) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. Introduction of benzofurans in organic synthesis, particularly drug synthesis, involves generally the use of their metalated species as nucleophiles in addition reactions or in metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.Quality Control of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(((6aR,12aR)-6a,12a-Dihydro-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4′,5′:5,6]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-3-yl)oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Visualization and quantification of penetration/mass transfer of acrylic resin retanning agent in leather using fluorescent tracing technique was written by Zeng, Yunhang;Song, Ying;Li, Jing;Zhang, Wenhua;Shi, Bi. And the article was included in Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association in 2016.HPLC of Formula: 3326-34-9 This article mentions the following:

Acrylic resin is a widely used retanning agent in leather processing, and its retanning effectiveness is closely related to its penetration depth and filling parts in leather. But acrylic resin in leather cannot be visualized or quantified, and thus its application mainly depends on tanner’s experience. In this study, 5-aminofluorescein-labeled poly(acrylic acid) (AF-PAA), as a model of fluorescent acrylic resins, was synthesized using a phase-transfer reaction and then purified using Sephadex gel filtration. AF-PAA was applied to retanning process and could be well visualized and quantified in retanned leathers using fluorescence microscopy and Image J software. Looser collagen fibers, increasing amount of acrylic resin or retanning together with some anionic retanning agents could enhance penetration/mass transfer of acrylic resin in leather. The fluorescent tracing technique is useful to investigate the mass transfer and reaction mechanism of acrylic resin in leather processing. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Amino-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 3326-34-9HPLC of Formula: 3326-34-9).

5-Amino-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 3326-34-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.HPLC of Formula: 3326-34-9

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Site-Selective Functionalization of (sp³)C-H Bonds Catalyzed by Artificial Metalloenzymes Containing an Iridium-Porphyrin Cofactor was written by Gu, Yang;Natoli, Sean N.;Liu, Zhennan;Clark, Douglas S.;Hartwig, John F.. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2019.Computed Properties of C8H7NO3 This article mentions the following:

The selective functionalization of one C-H bond over others in nearly identical steric and electronic environments can facilitate the construction of complex mols. We report site-selective functionalizations of C-H bonds, differentiated solely by remote substituents, catalyzed by artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs) that are generated from the combination of an evolvable P 450 scaffold and an iridium-porphyrin cofactor. The generated systems catalyze the insertion of carbenes into the C-H bonds of a range of phthalan derivatives containing substituents that render the two methylene positions in each phthalan inequivalent. These reactions occur with site-selectivity ratios of up to 17.8:1 and, in most cases, with pairs of enzyme mutants that preferentially form each of the two constitutional isomers. This study demonstrates the potential of abiotic reactions catalyzed by metalloenzymes to functionalize C-H bonds with site selectivity that is difficult to achieve with small-mol. catalysts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Nitro-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran (cas: 52771-99-0Computed Properties of C8H7NO3).

5-Nitro-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran (cas: 52771-99-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are only weakly aromatic in nature and they are cleaved by many oxidative and reductive conditions. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Computed Properties of C8H7NO3

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem