Heterocyclic Building Block-benzofuran

Effects of Defoliation Treatments of Babica Grape Variety(Vitis vinifera L.) on Volatile Compounds Content in Wine was written by Kujundzic, Toni;Rastija, Vesna;Subaric, Domagoj;Jukic, Vladimir;Schwander, Florian;Drenjancevic, Mato. And the article was included in Molecules in 2022.Category: benzofurans This article mentions the following:

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of defoliation performed in the Babica red grape variety on the volatile compounds in produced wine. Three treatments were performed during 2017 and 2018: the removal of six leaves before flowering (FL) and at the end of veraison (VER), as well as control (C). Volatile compounds were analyzed using a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrophotometric detector. Statistically evaluated by anal. of variance (ANOVA at the p = 0.05 level) and principal component anal. (PCA). Defoliation treatments were affected by the concentration of several compounds, but only in one year. The VER2017 treatment significantly increased the concentration of three aliphatic esters up to 8 C atoms and octanoic acid Et ester. The FL2017 treatment increased the concentration of three aliphatic alcs. The FL2018 treatment has significantly enhanced the concentration Et cinnamate but decreased the concentrations of eugenol and dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-thiophenone. Both defoliation treatments reduced the concentration of γ-decanolactone in 2017. Aldehydes, monoterpenoles, and monoterpenes remained unaffected by the defoliation treatments. Vintage was found to be the largest source of variability for most volatile compounds under investigation, which was confirmed by PCA. The effect of defoliation in the mild-Mediterranean climate was found to mostly depend on seasonal weather conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dihydrobenzo[b]furan (cas: 496-16-2Category: benzofurans).

2,3-Dihydrobenzo[b]furan (cas: 496-16-2) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Category: benzofurans

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Prognosis of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and acute kidney disease was written by Wong, Florence;Garcia-Tsao, Guadalupe;Reddy, K. Rajender;O’Leary, Jacqueline G.;Kamath, Patrick S.;Tandon, Puneeta;Lai, Jennifer C.;Vargas, Hugo E.;Biggins, Scott W.;Fallon, Michael B.;Thuluvath, Paul J.;Maliakkal, Benedict J.;Subramanian, Ram;Thacker, Leroy;Bajaj, Jasmohan S.. And the article was included in Liver International in 2022.COA of Formula: C43H51N3O11 This article mentions the following:

The prognosis of acute kidney disease (AKD), defined as a glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or a rise in serum creatinine (sCr) of <50% for <3 mo, is not clearly known. To study the prevalence, predictive factors and clin. outcomes in hospitalized cirrhotic patients with AKD. The North American Consortium for the Study of End-Stage Liver Disease prospectively enrolled hospitalized decompensated cirrhotic patients. Patients were separated into those with normal renal function (controls or C), AKD or stage 1 AKI as their worst renal dysfunction per International Club of Ascites definition and compared. Parameters assessed included demographics, laboratory data, haemodynamics, renal and patient outcomes. 1244 Patients with cirrhosis and ascites (C: 704 or 57%; AKD: 176 or 14%; stage 1 AKI: 364 or 29%) with similar demographics were enrolled. AKD patients had similar baseline sCr but higher hospital admission in the previous 6 mo, and higher peak sCr, compared to controls, with their peak sCr being lower than that in stage 1 AKI patients (all P < .0001). The in-hospital and 30-day survival for AKD patients were intermediary between that for controls and stage 1 AKI patients (96% vs 91% vs 86%, P < .0001). The strongest predictors for AKD development while in hospital were the presence of a second infection (OR: 2.44) and diabetes (OR: 1.53). Patients with AKD had intermediate outcomes between stage 1 AKI and controls. AKD patients, especially those with diabetes and a second infection, need careful monitoring and prompt treatment for AKD to prevent neg. outcomes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,16Z,18E,20S,21S,22R,23R,24R,25S,26R,27S,28E)-25-(Acetyloxy)-5,6,21,23-tetrahydroxy-27-methoxy-2,4,11,16,20,22,24,26-octamethyl-2,7-(epoxypentadeca[1,11,13]trienimino)benzofuro[4,5-e]pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole-1,15(2H)-dione (cas: 80621-81-4COA of Formula: C43H51N3O11).

(2S,16Z,18E,20S,21S,22R,23R,24R,25S,26R,27S,28E)-25-(Acetyloxy)-5,6,21,23-tetrahydroxy-27-methoxy-2,4,11,16,20,22,24,26-octamethyl-2,7-(epoxypentadeca[1,11,13]trienimino)benzofuro[4,5-e]pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole-1,15(2H)-dione (cas: 80621-81-4) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.COA of Formula: C43H51N3O11

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Cross-metathesis and ring-closing metathesis reactions of amino acid-based substrates was written by Vernall, Andrea J.;Ballet, Steven;Abell, Andrew D.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2008.Category: benzofurans This article mentions the following:

Olefin tethers of variable length, introduced into a natural amino acid (side-chain of Ser, Cys; N-terminus of Arg; C-terminus of Phe and Tic; and in both the side-chain and either the N- or C-terminus of Ser, Cys and Tyr), undergo metathesis on treatment with Grubbs’ second generation catalyst. Side-chain linked dimers of Ser, Cys and Tyr were obtained by cross-metathesis, while olefin installation at the N- and C-terminus led to dimers of Arg and Phe (or Tic), resp. Ring-closing metathesis of the doubly alkenylated derivatives of Ser, Cys and Tyr gave 12-, 20- and 24-membered macrocycles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-Methyl 2-amino-5-(3-((2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)guanidino)pentanoate hydrochloride (cas: 257288-19-0Category: benzofurans).

(S)-Methyl 2-amino-5-(3-((2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)guanidino)pentanoate hydrochloride (cas: 257288-19-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives.Benzofuran is one of the most significant oxygen-containing heterocycles consisting of fused benzene and furan ring, which are widely presented in various naturally occurring and synthetically active compounds. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.Category: benzofurans

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

A Structure-Activity Investigation on Modified Analogues of an Argininocalixarene Based Non-viral Gene Vector was written by Lomazzi, Michela;Franceschi, Valentina;Bagnacani, Valentina;Vezzoni, Carlo Alberto;Donofrio, Gaetano;Casnati, Alessandro;Sansone, Francesco. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.Name: (S)-Methyl 2-amino-5-(3-((2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)guanidino)pentanoate hydrochloride This article mentions the following:

The tetra-L-arginino-tetrahexyloxycalix[4]arene 1 has shown extraordinary abilities to compact and internalize different types of Nucleid Acid cargos (DNA, microRNA, PNA) into cells even known to be transfected with great difficulties by com. non-viral gene delivery systems. This activity, accompanied by negligible toxicity, makes this calixarene a rather promising prototype of vector for Gene Therapy. In this study we report how small structural changes like (i) the lower rim alkyl substituents, (ii) the type of the terminal cationic headgroups (guanidinium or primary ammonium), (iii) the length of the linker between the macrocycle and the terminal cationic headgroup, (iv) the presence/absence of the basic α-amino group of Arg, and (v) the stereochem. (L or D) of Arg, might affect the ability of the novel calixarene vectors to compact DNA and to deliver its cargo into the cells. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-Methyl 2-amino-5-(3-((2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)guanidino)pentanoate hydrochloride (cas: 257288-19-0Name: (S)-Methyl 2-amino-5-(3-((2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)guanidino)pentanoate hydrochloride).

(S)-Methyl 2-amino-5-(3-((2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)guanidino)pentanoate hydrochloride (cas: 257288-19-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antioxidant, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, insecticidal.Name: (S)-Methyl 2-amino-5-(3-((2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl)guanidino)pentanoate hydrochloride

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

A study on bio implants materials and machining was written by Sivakumar, S.;Adam Khan, M.;Ebenezer, G.;Chellaganesh, D.. And the article was included in Materials Today: Proceedings in 2021.Category: benzofurans This article mentions the following:

In current scenario, the engineering materials are profound their application towards Bio-Medical field. The human implants caught the eye of researchers in the field of materials and metallurgy. After meeting the accidents, aged people’s bone crack, and other factors for replacing bones is a major problem faced by the medical society. Considering the fact, researchers have found some viable alternative for the bone material which are pos. towards biocompatibility. Now-a-days the human implants are available com. but for particular length, and the implants are not patient specific. To overcome the current issue, machining the materials have been using as the conventional methods to make them into patients’ specific implants. While machining the implants, complex shapes cannot be machined by traditional approach, on the other hand, the biocompatibility of the material have been spoiled. In the com. market both stainless steel and the titanium-based implants play a vital role in the replacement of the bone. The com. grade of titanium implant is not pure titanium but the alloy of titanium. Due to the lack of biocompatibility the machined implant material cannot resist the bio-corrosion, eventually, it leads to the lack in the growth of the human cells. Usually the implants are placed in the human body, which is in contact with the live tissue containing the fibroblast cells (Skin cells). Lack of biocompatibility of the human implants reflects on the growth of the fibroblast cells, healing the surgery wound, further it may also lead to allergy to the patient. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2′,4′,5′,7′-tetraiodo-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-bis(olate) (cas: 16423-68-0Category: benzofurans).

Sodium 2′,4′,5′,7′-tetraiodo-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-bis(olate) (cas: 16423-68-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives have shown many biological activities, including antifungal and antimicrobial properties, and acting as antagonists of H3 receptors and angiotensin II. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antioxidant, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, insecticidal.Category: benzofurans

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Removal of erythrosine B using Prosopisspicigera L. wood carbon-iron oxide composite was written by Ramalakshmi, R. Dhana;Murugan, M.;Jeyabal, V.. And the article was included in Indian Journal of Chemical Technology in 2022.Application of 16423-68-0 This article mentions the following:

The present study investigates the removal of Erythrosine B (EB), a neurotoxin and carcinogenic dye from aqueous system using Prosopisspicigera L. wood (PsLw) carbon-iron oxide composite. The adsorbent is well characterized by Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) for surface morphol., Brunauer-Emmett-Teller nitrogen adsorption method (BET)/methylene blue method for surface area determination and potentiometric methods for surface charge (pHzpc) determination The removal capacity of the adsorbent has been evaluated by batch method under varying pH, contact time, adsorbate initial concentrations, and in the presence of other ions. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity is found to be 487.8 mg/g at pH = 2.0 for an initial concentration of 250 mg/L. The adsorption follows pseudo second order kinetics and fits to Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption is thermodynamically spontaneous and exothermic in nature. Pore diffusion and mass transfer studies are performed. Column mode anal. is applied in the process for industrial applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2′,4′,5′,7′-tetraiodo-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-bis(olate) (cas: 16423-68-0Application of 16423-68-0).

Sodium 2′,4′,5′,7′-tetraiodo-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-bis(olate) (cas: 16423-68-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Application of 16423-68-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Detecting the inner mechanism of agglomeration behaviors and product properties during fast pyrolysis of lignin via alkaline additives was written by Su, Yinhai;Zhang, Shuping;Xiong, Yuanquan;Zhang, Huiyan. And the article was included in Fuel Processing Technology in 2022.Application of 496-16-2 This article mentions the following:

Lignin can be converted into valued-added phenol-rich bio-oil by pyrolysis, but the melting and agglomeration nature causes serious problems for thermal conversion of lignin. To investigate the inner melting and agglomeration mechanism during lignin pyrolysis, three types of alk. additives (monoacidic base NaOH, diacidic base Ca(OH)₂ and triacidic base Al(OH)₃) were employed in this study. Result showed that agglomeration behaviors during pyrolysis was determined by both of active functionalities and mol. structure in lignin. It was found that char foaming was partially reduced in L-3%Na, for the NaOH modification only inhibited active functionalities in lignin structure. For Ca(OH)₂ modification, the Ca(OH)₂ not only reacts with active functionalities in lignin but also links single lignin mols. to cross-linked macromol. polymers, thus the agglomeration was completely eliminated in L-3%Ca. While, effects of Al(OH)₃ modification on agglomeration inhibition was negligible, due to its weak alkalinity Anal. on bio-oil revealed that three alkali additives also promoted the mono-phenolics content in bio-oil. Specially, NaOH modification preferred to the formation of phenol, Ca(OH)₂ modification raised alkylphenols content, while the effect of Al(OH)₃ modification was the least. The maximum mono-phenols content (91.14%) and alkylphenols content (60.53%) was both obtained in L-10%Ca which pyrolyzed at 500 °C. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dihydrobenzo[b]furan (cas: 496-16-2Application of 496-16-2).

2,3-Dihydrobenzo[b]furan (cas: 496-16-2) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are only weakly aromatic in nature and they are cleaved by many oxidative and reductive conditions. They are also prone to polymerisation in the presence of concentrated mineral acids and Lewis acids.Application of 496-16-2

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Ultraviolet spectra and methoxy and methylenedioxy groups of some aromatic compounds and alkaloids. X. Electronic spectra of 1-tetralone, homophthalide, 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, and 3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium compounds was written by Santavy, Frantisek;Valka, Ivo. And the article was included in Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications in 1980.Reference of 4741-62-2 This article mentions the following:

The UV of the title compounds substituted by electron donating groups (OH, MeO, o-OCH₂O) on the aromatic nucleus, are similar when the electron donors were at the same distance from the electron accepting substituent. The increase in the ring size from 1-indanone to 1-tetralone, or from phthalide to homophthalide had no significant effect on the position and the intensity of the A and the B bands. The changes of the UV of 3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium compounds in alk.-EtOH media is discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Methoxyisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one (cas: 4741-62-2Reference of 4741-62-2).

5-Methoxyisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one (cas: 4741-62-2) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. In nature, benzofurans have occupied an important role among the plant phenols & several pharmacologically active compounds.Reference of 4741-62-2

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Synthesis of Chalcone Derivatives Containing Furan or/and Pyran Ring as Neuraminidase Inhibitors was written by Chen, Aiyu;Liang, Yongdong;Ye, Jiao;Hu, Aixi;Lian, Wenwen;Liu, Ailin;Du, Guanhua. And the article was included in Chemical Research in Chinese Universities in 2019.Name: 2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-ol This article mentions the following:

Twenty-seven novel chalcone derivatives were designed and synthesized as neuraminidase(NA) inhibitors. A concise suitable synthetic strategy was employed in the target compounds’ synthesis with relatively high yields. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against the NA of influenza A virus in vitro. The results show that compound 9b possesses the most potent NA inhibitory activity. Structure-activity relationship studies indicate that the chalcone system and hydrogen bond donor substituent are significant for the NA inhibitory activity. And the chalcone derivatives containing pyran ring have better NA inhibitory activity than those without the pyran ring. In addition, mol. docking studies reveal that compounds 9b and 9u are in the good binding mode with Zanamivir binding sites. This study indicates that compound 9b could be selected as a potent compound for further structural optimization and development of novel NA inhibitors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-ol (cas: 1563-38-8Name: 2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-ol).

2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-ol (cas: 1563-38-8) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. In nature, benzofurans have occupied an important role among the plant phenols & several pharmacologically active compounds.Name: 2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-ol

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

An overview of the efficacy and safety of prucalopride for the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation was written by Daniali, Marzieh;Nikfar, Shekoufeh;Abdollahi, Mohammad. And the article was included in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy in 2019.Synthetic Route of C18H26ClN3O3 This article mentions the following:

: Chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) is a kind of constipation in which the patient experiences constipation more than 3 mo without any identifiable cause. Prucalopride is one such treatment considered for relieving symptoms of CIC regarding due to its selectivity for the 5HT4 receptor.: This article is based on a PubMed and clinicaltrials.gov search for studies undertaken over the past 19 years (2000-2019) using the following keywords either alone or in combination: Prucalopride, chronic idiopathic constipation, chronic constipation, 5HT4 receptor, Resolor and Motegrity.: Prucalopride should be considered as one of the safe options for the treatment of CIC especially when previous treatments have failed. It can be helpful in the treatment of constipation caused by irritable bowel syndrome or spinal cord injury, opioid-induced constipation, post-operative ileus, and intestinal/colonic pseudo-obstruction. The major drawback of prucalopride is its high cost, which makes it less accessible to all patients. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-5-chloro-N-(1-(3-methoxypropyl)piperidin-4-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxamide (cas: 179474-81-8Synthetic Route of C18H26ClN3O3).

4-Amino-5-chloro-N-(1-(3-methoxypropyl)piperidin-4-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxamide (cas: 179474-81-8) belongs to benzofurans derivatives.Benzofuran is one of the most significant oxygen-containing heterocycles consisting of fused benzene and furan ring, which are widely presented in various naturally occurring and synthetically active compounds. They are also prone to polymerisation in the presence of concentrated mineral acids and Lewis acids.Synthetic Route of C18H26ClN3O3

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem