Day: February 24, 2023

Structural characterization of tar from a coal gasification plant: comparison with a coke oven tar and a crude oil flash-column residue was written by Pindoria, Ramesh V.;Megaritis, Athanasios;Chatzakis, Ioannis N.;Vasanthakumar, Louis S.;Zhang, Sheng-Fu;Lazaro, Maria-Jesus;Herod, Alan A.;Garcia, Ximena A.;Gordon, Alfredo L.;Kandiyoti, Rafael. And the article was included in Fuel in 1997.Formula: C16H10O This article mentions the following:

Residual tar from a coal gasification plant was characterized using a wide array of anal. techniques. Structural comparisons were made with a coke-oven tar and a crude petroleum flash distillation residue. The gasification tar residue had a carbon aromaticity >94%, with extensively dealkylated aromatic structures and only small amounts of oxygenates, compared with the 56% carbon aromaticity and significant alkyl substitution in the coke-oven tar. The proportion of material b. >450° as well as the elemental carbon and fixed carbon’ contents of the gasification tar residue were also higher than those of the other samples. As expected, the petroleum flash distillation residue were also higher than those of the other samples. Also as expected, the petroleum flash distillation residue was mainly aliphatic (f_a = 0.12), with small aromatic ring systems attached to long alkyl chains. For all three samples, MALDI mass spectra showed a signal at mol. masses >20,000, with the gasification tar residue showing the narrowest range of mol. masses. Taken together, structural differences between the gasification tar and coke-oven tar reflected the more severe thermal treatment and chem. history of the gasification tar, leading to the survival of low amounts (∼1 weight% of coal feed) of an apparently, chem. very stable residue. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Naphtho[2,1-b]benzofuran (cas: 205-39-0Formula: C16H10O).

Naphtho[2,1-b]benzofuran (cas: 205-39-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives.Benzofuran is one of the most significant oxygen-containing heterocycles consisting of fused benzene and furan ring, which are widely presented in various naturally occurring and synthetically active compounds. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Formula: C16H10O

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Organocatalyzed asymmetric dearomative 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 2-nitrobenzofurans and N-2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines was written by Zhou, Xiao-Jian;Zhao, Jian-Qiang;Lai, Yue-Qin;You, Yong;Wang, Zhen-Hua;Yuan, Wei-Cheng. And the article was included in Chirality in 2022.Application of 33094-66-5 This article mentions the following:

A readily available chiral cyclohexanediamine-derived bifunctional tertiary amine-squaramide catalyst was more effective for the asym. dearomative 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 2-nitrobenzofurans and N-2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines. A range of structurally diverse spiro-fused polyheterocyclic compounds containing oxindole, pyrrolidine, and hydrobenzofuran motifs were smoothly obtained in excellent results (up to 99% yield, >20:1 dr in all cases and up to 99% ee). This method featureed high efficiency, mild reaction conditions, exquisite asym. induction, wide functional group tolerance, great potential for scale-up synthesis, and attractive product diversification. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Nitrobenzofuran (cas: 33094-66-5Application of 33094-66-5).

2-Nitrobenzofuran (cas: 33094-66-5) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. In nature, benzofurans have occupied an important role among the plant phenols & several pharmacologically active compounds.Application of 33094-66-5

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

ACR/EULAR classification criteria and therapy in predicting organ damage accrual in patients with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: A retrospective study over the last 29 years was written by Kifer, Nastasia;Sestan, Mario;Frkovic, Marijan;Kifer, Domagoj;Kozmar, Ana;Padjen, Ivan;Potocki, Kristina;Anic, Branimir;Batinic, Drago;Malcic, Ivan;Jelusic, Marija. And the article was included in Lupus in 2022.Synthetic Route of C17H20O6 This article mentions the following:

We explored damage occurrence in patients with childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) and aimed to predict the risk of organ damage occurrence in time. The retrospective study included patients treated for cSLE at the Center of Reference for Pediatric and Adolescent Rheumatol. of the Republic Croatia over a 29-yr period. The disease development of 97 patients (77 females) with cSLE was examined The median (Q1, Q3) follow-up time was 6.5 (2.3, 12.0) years. SDI was determined at 5 time points (6, 12, 24, 36 mo, and last follow-up). Thirty-eight patients (48%) had organ damage at the last follow-up. Prepubertal group of patients showed higher SLEDAI scores at the disease onset, while post-pubertal group had significantly lower proportion of patients with relapses. We estimated the time from the first symptom to the moment of damage and our findings suggest that it is unlikely that organ damage will occur in 50% of patients in the first 6 years since the diagnosis. The number of 2019 ACR/EULAR classification criteria at the time of diagnosis associated with SDI determined after 1 yr of the follow-up period. The patients who received higher doses of glucocorticoids accumulated damage faster and mycophenolate mofetil was found to be a more frequent therapy in patients with SDI ≥3. Knowing that damage will most likely happen after the first 6 years after diagnosis in 50% of patients enables physicians to better predict damage occurrence. High number of 2019 ACR/EULAR criteria and treatment with glucocorticoids in childhood-onset SLE are associated with damage accrual and these findings could enable us to detect patients which should be closely monitored for higher risk of damage development. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-6-(4-Hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-5-yl)-4-methylhex-4-enoic acid (cas: 24280-93-1Synthetic Route of C17H20O6).

(E)-6-(4-Hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-5-yl)-4-methylhex-4-enoic acid (cas: 24280-93-1) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory.Synthetic Route of C17H20O6

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Degraded limonoids and quinoline alkaloids from Dictamnus angustifolius G. Don ex Sweet. and their anti-platelet aggregation activity was written by Sun, Jian-Bo;Qu, Wei;Wang, Pei;Wu, Fei-Hua;Wang, Li-Ying;Liang, Jing-Yu. And the article was included in Fitoterapia in 2013.Electric Literature of C14H16O3 This article mentions the following:

A new degraded limonoid, named isodictamdiol A (1), two known degraded limonoids (2, 3) and a new nature product of quinoline alkaloid (4) along with five known quinoline alkaloids (5-9) were isolated from the root bark of Dictamnus angustifolius G. Don ex Sweet.. Certain useful NMR data were generalized to determine the structures of compounds 1 and 4. The structural elucidation of Compound 4 was first reported herein. Compounds 1-9 showed significant inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation induced by ADP at 250 μM, while Compound 4 showed potent anti-platelet aggregation activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3R,3aR)-3-(Furan-3-yl)-3a,7-dimethyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydroisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one (cas: 28808-62-0Electric Literature of C14H16O3).

(3R,3aR)-3-(Furan-3-yl)-3a,7-dimethyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydroisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one (cas: 28808-62-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.Electric Literature of C14H16O3

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Dinuclear Zinc Catalyzed Enantioselective Dearomatization [3+2] Annulation of 2-Nitrobenzofurans and 2-Nitrobenzothiophenes was written by Zhou, Peng;Yi, Yang;Hua, Yuan-Zhao;Jia, Shi-Kun;Wang, Min-Can. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2022.Synthetic Route of C8H5NO3 This article mentions the following:

The application of dinuclear zinc catalysts in a dearomatization reaction was developed. Catalytic asym. dearomatization [3+2] annulations of 2-nitrobenzofurans or 2-nitrobenzothiophenes with CF₃-containing N-unprotected isatin-derived azomethine ylides catalyzed by dinuclear zinc catalysts were realized with excellent diastereomer ratios (dr) of >20:1 and enantiomeric excess (ee) of up to 99%. This protocol provided a practical, straightforward access to structurally diverse pyrrolidinyl spirooxindoles containing a 2,3-fused-dihydrobenzofuran (or dihydrobenzothiphene) moiety, and four contiguous stereocenters. Reactions was performed on a gram scale. The absolute configuration of products was confirmed by X-ray single crystal structure anal., and a possible mechanism was proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Nitrobenzofuran (cas: 33094-66-5Synthetic Route of C8H5NO3).

2-Nitrobenzofuran (cas: 33094-66-5) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Synthetic Route of C8H5NO3

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Quality evaluation and regional analysis of psoralea fructus by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS plus chemometrics was written by Yan, Dong-mei;Chang, Yan-xu;Kang, Li-yuan;Gao, Xiu-mei. And the article was included in Chinese Herbal Medicines in 2010.Application of 905954-17-8 This article mentions the following:

Objective To evaluate the quality of psoralea corylifolia collected from 12 provinces of China. Methods An HPLC-DAD-MS/MS method was used to identify, determine, and estimate 14 representative bioactive compounds in P. corylifolia. Then on the basis of the content data, the chemometrics method was used to differentiate 20 samples from different regions. Results The quality of P. corylifolia from 12 different provinces of China was evaluated by this method. Though the samples showed similar profiles, content of the detected markers varied significantly in different regions and batches. According to the results of the hierarchical cluster anal. and principal component anal., it can be concluded that the samples from different origins could be clustered reasonably into two groups, as well as successfully distinguished. Conclusion A simple and reliable new method which used HPLC-DAD-MS/MS and chemometrics has been developed to characterize, classify, and control the quality of P. corylifolia. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-3-(6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)benzofuran-5-yl)acrylic acid (cas: 905954-17-8Application of 905954-17-8).

(Z)-3-(6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)benzofuran-5-yl)acrylic acid (cas: 905954-17-8) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.Application of 905954-17-8

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Diarrhea-Predominant and Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Current Prescription Drug Treatment Options was written by Wechsler, Emily V.;Shah, Eric D.. And the article was included in Drugs in 2021.COA of Formula: C43H51N3O11 This article mentions the following:

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a heterogenous disease with a variety of therapeutic options, including eight prescription drugs approved for use in IBS in the USA. Choosing among the myriad treatment options requires attention to patient preferences both on clin. outcomes and costs associated with treatment. We performed a narrative review of the literature to summarize these important determinants of treatment choice including: labeled indications; clin. profiles of efficacy, safety, and tolerability of prescription drugs; and cost-effectiveness for diarrhea-predominant IBS drugs (IBS-D: alosetron, eluxadoline, and rifaximin) and constipation-predominant IBS drugs (IBS-C: linaclotide, lubiprostone, plecanatide, tegaserod, and tenapanor). We then review the standard model of shared decision-making aimed at guiding an informed, patient-centered discussion to integrate comparative clin. and cost outcomes toward choosing an IBS treatment in practice. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,16Z,18E,20S,21S,22R,23R,24R,25S,26R,27S,28E)-25-(Acetyloxy)-5,6,21,23-tetrahydroxy-27-methoxy-2,4,11,16,20,22,24,26-octamethyl-2,7-(epoxypentadeca[1,11,13]trienimino)benzofuro[4,5-e]pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole-1,15(2H)-dione (cas: 80621-81-4COA of Formula: C43H51N3O11).

(2S,16Z,18E,20S,21S,22R,23R,24R,25S,26R,27S,28E)-25-(Acetyloxy)-5,6,21,23-tetrahydroxy-27-methoxy-2,4,11,16,20,22,24,26-octamethyl-2,7-(epoxypentadeca[1,11,13]trienimino)benzofuro[4,5-e]pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole-1,15(2H)-dione (cas: 80621-81-4) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.COA of Formula: C43H51N3O11

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Preparation and decoration application of thermotropic reversible epoxy resin coating was written by Kong, Ying-qi. And the article was included in Huaxue Gongchengshi in 2022.SDS of cas: 1552-42-7 This article mentions the following:

In view of the problem that the traditional epoxy resin coating is single in color and cannot meet the requirements of modern interior decoration design, a new type of thermotropic epoxy resin coating is proposed, which is made by using modified epoxy resin PEM and thermo reversible color change microcapsules. The effects of the content of microencapsulated emulsion and the type of curing agent on the properties of the thermotropic re-versible epoxy resin emulsion and the coating film after coating were investigated. The results showed that the con-tent of microcapsule emulsion was 15%, and the coating had high stability and long storage time. And the content of microcapsule emulsion was within 15%. The gloss, impact strength, adhesion and elasticity of paint film de-creased with the increase of microcapsule emulsion content, and the hardness increased. The gloss and elasticity of the coatings prepared by cyclohexadine as curing agent are better. The coating film of the thermotropic reversible color epoxy resin coating film is lighter with the temperature increasing, and the same color change law is shown in the temperature rising and cooling, which proves that the thermotropic reversible color change is good. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Crystal violet lactone (cas: 1552-42-7SDS of cas: 1552-42-7).

Crystal violet lactone (cas: 1552-42-7) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives have shown many biological activities, including antifungal and antimicrobial properties, and acting as antagonists of H3 receptors and angiotensin II. In nature, benzofurans have occupied an important role among the plant phenols & several pharmacologically active compounds.SDS of cas: 1552-42-7

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Effects of weathering on organic matter was written by Marynowski, Leszek;Szeleg, Eligiusz;Jedrysek, Mariusz O.;Simoneit, Bernd R. T.. And the article was included in Organic Geochemistry in 2011.COA of Formula: C16H10O This article mentions the following:

Bulk geochem., petrog., mineralogical and mol. compositions of unweathered, weathered and transitional zones of a Middle Jurassic fossil wood were analyzed to trace changes caused by oxidative weathering of the immature terrestrial organic matter (OM). The occurrence of such zones was confirmed by the mineral composition, showing replacement of siderite and pyrite by goethite. Vitrinite reflectance anal. of weathered and unweathered fossil wood samples revealed that weathering elevated the vitrinite reflectance values by ca. 0.1%, which should be taken into account during modeling of low maturity terrestrial OM. In the weathered part of the wood, most of the biomarkers and biomols. were totally removed or the concentration decreased significantly. The concentration of most of the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) decreased by 50-80%, being >90% for the more reactive and less stable benzo[a]pyrene and perylene. On the other hand, several aromatic compounds, like phenanthrene and its Me derivatives, Ph naphthalenes, fluoranthene and oxygen-containing aromatic compounds increased in concentration in the weathered zone. This results from processes such as formation of Ph derivatives of PAHs and their cyclization, as well as aromatization of diterpenoids and incorporation of oxygen into aromatic structures. Weathering should always be considered in studies of fossilized terrestrial OM, especially in the case of thermal maturation modeling, because it significantly decreases the OM content and total sulfur content, changes vitrinite reflectance values and alters the extract composition as a result of organic compound degradation In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Naphtho[2,1-b]benzofuran (cas: 205-39-0COA of Formula: C16H10O).

Naphtho[2,1-b]benzofuran (cas: 205-39-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are only weakly aromatic in nature and they are cleaved by many oxidative and reductive conditions. They are also prone to polymerisation in the presence of concentrated mineral acids and Lewis acids.COA of Formula: C16H10O

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Intravital staining to detect mineralization in Xenopus tropicalis during and after metamorphosis was written by Nakajima, Keisuke;Yabumoto, Souta;Tazawa, Ichiro;Furuno, Nobuaki. And the article was included in Development, Growth & Differentiation in 2022.Recommanded Product: 2,2′,2”,2”’-(((3′,6′-Dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-2′,7′-diyl)bis(methylene))bis(azanetriyl))tetraacetic acid This article mentions the following:

Observing mineralization is essential for studying skeletal development, maintenance, and regeneration. Calcein and alizarin red have long been used to visualize mineralization in fixed specimens, but this requires the target animals to be sacrificed. However, several intravital bone-staining methods have been developed to visualize mineralized tissues in living animals. These methods have been applied to study fin rays and transparent fishes. Xenopus tropicalis is an excellent exptl. animal model for studying bone formation and regeneration because skeletal mineralization begins during the free-living tadpole period, and its regenerative ability changes during metamorphosis. However, intravital bone staining of X. tropicalis has only been reported for tadpoles, and no details on its specificity or appropriate exptl. conditions are available. Here, we compared the calcein- and alizarin red S (ARS)-staining methods and optimized these methods for tadpoles and juvenile frogs during and after metamorphosis. Staining with 0.01% ARS yielded acceptable signaling for young tadpoles, whereas calcein either at 0.1 or 0.01% occasionally showed artifactual staining of unmineralized tissues. In addition, 0.1% calcein or 0.1% ARS staining showed a higher signal-to-noise ratio with juvenile frogs compared to staining at 0.01%. We propose the use of 0.01% ARS for tadpoles before stage 61 and 0.1% ARS thereafter for staining mineralized tissues. Using this method, we found that ossification of the neural arches occurred at stage 51 in X. tropicalis. This method enables precise staging and manipulation based on the visualized bone structure. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′,2”,2”’-(((3′,6′-Dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-2′,7′-diyl)bis(methylene))bis(azanetriyl))tetraacetic acid (cas: 1461-15-0Recommanded Product: 2,2′,2”,2”’-(((3′,6′-Dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-2′,7′-diyl)bis(methylene))bis(azanetriyl))tetraacetic acid).

2,2′,2”,2”’-(((3′,6′-Dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-2′,7′-diyl)bis(methylene))bis(azanetriyl))tetraacetic acid (cas: 1461-15-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. Introduction of benzofurans in organic synthesis, particularly drug synthesis, involves generally the use of their metalated species as nucleophiles in addition reactions or in metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.Recommanded Product: 2,2′,2”,2”’-(((3′,6′-Dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-2′,7′-diyl)bis(methylene))bis(azanetriyl))tetraacetic acid

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem