Day: December 30, 2022

Disparities in particulate matter (PM₁₀) origins and oxidative potential at a city scale (Grenoble, France) – part 2: sources of PM10 oxidative potential using multiple linear regression analysis and the predictive applicability of multilayer perceptron neural network analysis was written by Borlaza, Lucille Joanna S.;Weber, Samuel;Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc;Houdier, Stephan;Slama, Remy;Rieux, Camille;Albinet, Alexandre;Micallef, Steve;Trebluchon, Cecile;Uzu, Gaelle. And the article was included in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 76-54-0 This article mentions the following:

The oxidative potential (OP) of particulate matter (PM) measures PM capability to potentially cause anti-oxidant imbalance. Due to the wide range and complex mixture of species in particulates, little is known about the pollution sources most strongly contributing to OP. A 1-yr sampling of PM₁₀ (particles with an aerodynamic diameter below 10) was performed over different sites in a medium-sized city (Grenoble, France). An enhanced fine-scale apportionment of PM₁₀ sources, based on the chem. composition, was performed using the pos. matrix factorization (PMF) method and reported in a companion paper. OP was assessed as the ability of PM10 to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) using three different acellular assays: dithiothreitol (DTT), ascorbic acid (AA), and 2,7-dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) assays. Using multiple linear regression (MLR), the OP contributions of the sources identified by PMF were estimated Conversely, since atm. processes are usually non-linear in nature, artificial neural network (ANN) techniques, which employ non-linear models, could further improve estimates Hence, the multilayer perceptron anal. (MLP), an ANN-based model, was addnl. used to model OP based on PMF-resolved sources as well. This study presents the spatiotemporal variabilities of OP activity with influences by season-specific sources, site typol. and specific local features, and assay sensitivity. Overall, both MLR and MLP effectively captured the evolution of OP. The primary traffic and biomass burning sources were the strongest drivers of OP in the Grenoble basin. There is also a clear redistribution of source-specific impacts when using OP instead of mass concentration, underlining the importance of PM redox activity for the identification of potential sources of PM toxicity. Finally, the MLP generally offered improvements in OP prediction, especially for sites where synergistic and/or antagonistic effects between sources are prominent, supporting the value of using ANN-based models to account for the non-linear dynamics behind the atm. processes affecting OP of PM₁₀. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0HPLC of Formula: 76-54-0).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.HPLC of Formula: 76-54-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Prognostic significance of fluorescamine labeled serum albumin and globulin values in patients with diabetes mellitus results in end stage renal diseases was written by Jamal, Shubi;Agrawal, Y. K.. And the article was included in International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences in 2013.Recommanded Product: 38183-12-9 This article mentions the following:

Proteinurea is considered to be major prognostic factor in patients with certain chronic diseases, such as cancer and ESRD. High serum albumin, gamma globulin, beta-2 & alpha-1 microglobulin is common in patients with diabetes mellitus; nevertheless, the relationship between proteinuria and diabetes mellitus prognosis has not been verified. The mean arterial pressure was 30±9%. The mean serum albumin and globulin was 186.9±0.5mg/day. Patients with and without high urinary albumin levels were similar in age, because of diabetes mellitus. The survival rate of patients with proteinuria was 50.41% and 80.62% in those without proteinuria (P<0.001). The calibration curve for four specific proteins responsible for ESRD in diabetes was found linear in the range of 10^-9 to 10³nmolL^-1, correlation coefficient(r²) was found to be 0.9926. The LOD and LOQ were observed as 3.28nmolL^-1 to 23.80nmolL^-1. To elucidate the effect of labeled serum albumin and globulin level on prognosis of patients with diabetes mellitus results in ESRD. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9Recommanded Product: 38183-12-9).

4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. In nature, benzofurans have occupied an important role among the plant phenols & several pharmacologically active compounds.Recommanded Product: 38183-12-9

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

A Convenient Synthesis of Some New 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles, Thiazoles, Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines, Pyrazolo[5,1-c]triazine, and Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines Containing 5-Bromobenzofuran Moiety was written by Abdelhamid, Abdou O.;Fahmi, Abdelgawad A.;Baaiu, Basma S.. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 2016.SDS of cas: 38220-75-6 This article mentions the following:

A variety of heterocyclic compounds containing 5-bromobenzofuran moiety e.g., I were synthesized from 1-(5-bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were elucidated by elemental anal., spectral data, chem. transformation, and alternative synthesis route whenever possible. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 38220-75-6SDS of cas: 38220-75-6).

1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 38220-75-6) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are only weakly aromatic in nature and they are cleaved by many oxidative and reductive conditions. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.SDS of cas: 38220-75-6

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Synergistic photodynamic and photothermal effects of organic nanomaterials derived from cross-linked porphyrin polymer was written by Zhang, Ruilin;Zhu, Yuyan;Luo, Xiaogang;Zhang, Quanquan;Wu, Fengshou. And the article was included in Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines in 2022.Application of 76-54-0 This article mentions the following:

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) are promising therapeutic methods for cancer treatment. However, both PDT and PTT have their own limitations. Thus, it is highly desirable to synthesize a single photosensitizer, which exhibits both PDT and PTT therapeutic performances. We have designed and synthesized a new porphyrin-based polymer (ZP-PT) by crosslinking fluoroporphyrins (ZnPor) and HS-terminated pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP). After being transformed into nanoparticles (ZP-PT NPs), they showed excellent water dispersity with the average size of about 100 nm. ZP-PT NPs could generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thermal energy under 635 nm laser irradiation The singlet oxygen yield and the photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) of ZP-PT NPs were calculated to be 0.46 and 27.07% resp., which were apparently higher than that of ZnPor NPs. In addition, ZP-PT NPs exhibited higher colloidal stability and photostability than that of ZnPor NPs. All these results suggested that ZP-PT NPs had great potential in photodynamic and photothermal synergistic treatment of cancer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Application of 76-54-0).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are only weakly aromatic in nature and they are cleaved by many oxidative and reductive conditions. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Application of 76-54-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Trans-Chalcone Plus Baicalein Synergistically Reduce Intracellular Amyloid Beta (Abeta42) and Protect from Abeta42 Induced Oxidative Damage in Yeast Models of Alzheimer’s Disease was written by Dhakal, Sudip;Ramsland, Paul A.;Adhikari, Benu;Macreadie, Ian. And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 76-54-0 This article mentions the following:

Finding an effective therapeutic to prevent or cure AD has been difficult due to the complexity of the brain and limited exptl. models. This study utilized unmodified and genetically modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae as model organisms to find potential natural bioactive compounds capable of reducing intracellular amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) and associated oxidative damage. Eleven natural bioactive compounds including mangiferin, quercetin, rutin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), urolithin A, oleuropein, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, baicalein and trans-chalcone were screened for their ability to reduce intracellular green fluorescent protein tagged Aβ42 (GFP-Aβ42) levels. The two most effective compounds from the screens were combined in varying concentrations of each to study the combined capacity to reduce GFP-Aβ42. The most effective combinations were examined for their effect on growth rate, turnover of native Aβ42 and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The bioactive compounds except mangiferin and urolithin A significantly reduced intracellular GFP-Aβ42 levels. Baicalein and trans-chalcone were the most effective compounds among those that were screened. The combination of baicalein and trans-chalcone synergistically reduced GFP-Aβ42 levels. A combination of 15μM trans-chalcone and 8μM baicalein was found to be the most synergistic combination. The combination of the two compounds significantly reduced ROS and Aβ42 levels in yeast cells expressing native Aβ42 without affecting growth of the cells. These findings suggest that the combination of baicalein and trans-chalcone could be a promising multifactorial therapeutic strategy to cure or prevent AD. However, further studies are recommended to look for similar cytoprotective activity in humans and to find an optimal dosage. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0HPLC of Formula: 76-54-0).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory.HPLC of Formula: 76-54-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Fluorescence detection and identification of eight sulphonamides using capillary electrophoresis on released excipients in lake water was written by Jamal, Shubi;Baderia, Vishal K.;Agrawal, Y. K.;Sanghi, S. K.. And the article was included in Arabian Journal of Chemistry in 2019.Formula: C17H10O4 This article mentions the following:

A simple and sensitive capillary electrophoresis method with fluorescence detection was developed for the determination of sulphanilamide, sulphamerazine, sulphacetamide and sulphanilic acid, sulphathiazole, Sulphisomidine, sulphadoxine and sulphadiazine in lake water. The sulfonamides were extracted from lake water, derivatized with fluorescamine and determination of sulfonamide was achieved using 20 mM borate buffer of pH 9.5 at an applied voltage of 25 kV. Detection was performed using UG-11 excitation filter of 405 nm and 495 nm emission filters. A fast, simple and sensitive method with limit of detection in the range 0.89-1.43 n mol L^-1 for all the four sulfonamides with good recoveries 80-110% is seen. Inter-day and intra-day validation of the separation method shows fairly good results. The detection and quantification limits for this newly developed method are too low to determine drug residues in lake water. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9Formula: C17H10O4).

4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Formula: C17H10O4

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel thiobenzimidazole derivatives as anti-renal cancer agents through inhibition of c-MET kinase was written by Ibrahim, Hany S.;Albakri, Mohamed E.;Mahmoud, Walaa R.;Allam, Heba Abdelrasheed;Reda, Ahmed M.;Abdel-Aziz, Hatem A.. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2019.Product Details of 38220-75-6 This article mentions the following:

Benzimidazole is an interesting scaffold constituting a main core in many anticancer agents against variable cell lines as Carbendazim (I) and Nocodazole (II). Accordingly, eighteen compounds of 2-((1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)thio)-1-(aryl/heteroaryl)ethan-1-ones, in their sulfate salt and free forms, were designed and investigated as anticancer agents. In vitro preliminary screening of selected compounds by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) on a panel of 60 cell lines revealed renal cancer cell line (A498) as the most vulnerable cell line; accordingly, IC₅₀ values against A498 cell line were determined for compounds with the best results. The best inhibitory activity was for compound 4a with (IC₅₀ = 6.97 μM) compared to sunitinib as a reference drug (IC₅₀ = 6.99 μM). Compound 4a was further subjected to cell cycle anal. that indicated the decrease in cell population in the G2/M phase when compared to the untreated control cells. In addition, it showed significant increase in the late apoptosis in Annexin-V FTIC study compared to the control cells. An enzymic inhibitory study on compound 4a against c-Met and MAP kinases revealed its better activity against c-Met kinase with (IC₅₀ = 0.27 μM) compared to sunitinib (IC₅₀ = 0.18 μM). Mol. docking study was conducted to reveal the interactions of compound 4a in the active site of c-Met kinase. Computational ADME study was performed to insure that compound 4a has proper pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 38220-75-6Product Details of 38220-75-6).

1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 38220-75-6) belongs to benzofurans derivatives.Benzofuran is one of the most significant oxygen-containing heterocycles consisting of fused benzene and furan ring, which are widely presented in various naturally occurring and synthetically active compounds. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antioxidant, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, insecticidal.Product Details of 38220-75-6

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Investigation of Fluorescent Substrates and Substrate-Dependent Interactions of a Drug Transporter Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 2B1 (OATP2B1) was written by Kawasaki, Tatsuya;Shiozaki, Yuichi;Nomura, Naoki;Kawai, Kumi;Uwai, Yuichi;Nabekura, Tomohiro. And the article was included in Pharmaceutical Research in 2020.Safety of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one This article mentions the following:

Abstract: Purpose: In this study, we investigated organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1 (OATP2B1)-mediated uptake of fluorescent anions to better identify fluorescent substrates for in vitro OATP2B1 assays. The OATP2B1 is involved in the intestinal absorption and one of the pharmacokinetic determinants of orally administered drugs. Methods: A microplate reader was used to determine the cellular accumulation of the fluorescent compounds into the OATP2B1 or the empty vector-transfected HEK293 cells. Results: Two types of derivatives were found to be OATP2B1 substrates: heavy halogenated derivatives, such as 4′,5′-dibromofluorescein (DBF), and carboxylated derivatives, such as 5-carboxyfluorescein (5-CF). The DBF and 5-CF were transported in a time and concentration-dependent manner. The DBF was transported at a broad pH (pH 6.5-8.0) while 5-CF was transported at an acidic pH (pH 5.5-6.5). The K_m values were 0.818 ± 0.067μM at pH 7.4 for DBF and 8.56 ± 0.41μM at pH 5.5 for 5-CF. The OATP2B1 inhibitors, including atorvastatin, bromosulfophthalein, glibenclamide, sulfasalazine, talinolol, and estrone 3-sulfate, inhibited the DBF and the 5-CF transport. Contrastively, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and progesterone inhibited the DBF transport but stimulated the 5-CF transport. Natural flavonoid aglycons, such as naringenin and baicalein, also exhibited substrate-dependent effects in this manner. Conclusion: We found two fluorescein analogs, DBF and 5-CF as the OATP2B1 substrates that exhibited substrate-dependent interactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Safety of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. They are also prone to polymerisation in the presence of concentrated mineral acids and Lewis acids.Safety of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

A derivatisation agent selection guide was written by Tobiszewski, Marek;Namiesnik, Jacek;Pena-Pereira, Francisco. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2017.Safety of 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione This article mentions the following:

The study reported herein is aimed at the greenness assessment of 267 derivatization agents that are frequently applied in anal. chem. and related disciplines. Multicriteria decision anal. allowed obtaining three rankings of derivatization agents applied in liquid chromatog., gas chromatog. and chiral anal. The criteria of assessment included the safety information obtained from material safety data sheets and physicochem. and environmental parameters predicted with relevant models. As for some of the agents predicted data were not available, these agents were assessed with a smaller number of criteria, within the ranking of low confidence. The results of the study will help to apply greener derivatization agents, wherever the green chem. principle of avoiding derivatization cannot be fulfilled. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9Safety of 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione).

4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are only weakly aromatic in nature and they are cleaved by many oxidative and reductive conditions. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory.Safety of 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Biogenic silver nanoparticles reduce Toxoplasma gondii infection and proliferation in RAW 264.7 macrophages by inducing tumor necrosis factor-alpha and reactive oxygen species production in the cells was written by Arruda da Silva Sanfelice, Raquel;Silva, Taylon Felipe;Tomiotto-Pellissier, Fernanda;Bortoleti, Bruna Taciane da Silva;Lazarin-Bidoia, Danielle;Scandorieiro, Sara;Nakazato, Gerson;de Barros, Luiz Daniel;Garcia, Joao Luis;Verri, Waldiceu Aparecido;Conchon-Costa, Ivete;Pavanelli, Wander Rogerio;Costa, Idessania Nazareth. And the article was included in Microbes and Infection in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one This article mentions the following:

Owing to the serious adverse effects caused by pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, the drugs commonly used to treat toxoplasmosis, there is a need for treatment alternatives for this disease. Nanotechnol. has enabled significant advances toward this goal. This study was conducted to evaluate the activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNp-Bio) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages infected with the RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii. The macrophages were infected with T. gondii tachyzoites and then treated with various concentrations of AgNp-Bio. The cells were evaluated by microscopy, and culture supernatants were collected for ELISA determination of their cytokine concentration Treatment with 6μM AgNp-Bio reduced the infection and parasite load in infected RAW 264.7 macrophages without being toxic to the cells. The treatment also induced the synthesis of reactive oxygen species and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (both pro-inflammatory mediators), which resulted in ultrastructural changes in the tachyzoites and their intramacrophagic destruction. Our findings suggest that AgNp-Bio affect T. gondii tachyzoites by activating microbicidal and pro-inflammatory mechanisms and may be a potential alternative treatment for toxoplasmosis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Application In Synthesis of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. Introduction of benzofurans in organic synthesis, particularly drug synthesis, involves generally the use of their metalated species as nucleophiles in addition reactions or in metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.Application In Synthesis of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem