Heterocyclic Building Block-benzofuran

Total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata attenuate inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages via modulating p65, c-Jun, and IRF3 signaling pathways was written by Yan, Li-Shan;Wang, Li;Cheng, Brian Chi-Yan;Ding, Yu;Kong, Jing;Wang, Qing Gao;Fu, Xiu-Qiong;Zhang, Shuo-Feng;Luo, Gan;Zhang, Yi. And the article was included in Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine in 2021.Computed Properties of C16H10O7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated murine RAW264.7 macrophages and explore its underlying mechanism of action. Total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata were extracted using chromatog. column method. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. The production of nitric oxide was detected by Griess assay and the release of cytokines (IL-10 and TNF-α) and chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-1a, and CCL5/RANTES) was determined by ELISA to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata. Moreover, nuclear translocation of p65, c-Jun, and IRF3 was detected by immunofluorescence microscopy and Western blotting anal. was performed to determine the expression of related proteins. Total flavonoids extracted from Saussurea involucrata were 751.5 mg/g and the content of rutin was 506.5 mg/g. The production of inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide, cytokines, and chemokines was effectively inhibited by total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata. Meanwhile, total flavonoids also suppressed the nuclear translocation of p65, c-Jun, and IRF3 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The LPS-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 was remarkably reduced by treatment with total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata. Moreover, total flavonoids decreased the expression levels of p-IKKα/β, p-TBK1, p-p38, p-ERK, p-JNK, p-p65, p-c-Jun, and p-IRF3 in LPS-exposed RAW264.7 macrophages. Total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata potentially inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators, which may be related to inhibition of p65, c-Jun, and IRF3 signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9Computed Properties of C16H10O7).

1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Computed Properties of C16H10O7

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Evaluation of neuroprotective effects of wedelolactone and gallic acid on aluminium-induced neurodegeneration: Relevance to sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis was written by Maya, S.;Prakash, T.;Goli, Divakar. And the article was included in European Journal of Pharmacology in 2018.Safety of 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Al exposure causes an alteration in the several ions in the body and causes toxicity. Such as apoptosis, oxidative stress, disruption in neuronal transport, mitochondrial damage, excitotoxicity, generation of inflammatory mediators, and microglial activation. These multiple mechanisms lead to the several neurodegenerative diseases, including sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS). The study aims to unravel the mechanisms behind the neuroprotective effects of wedelolactone (WL) and gallic acid (GA) against aluminum-induced neurodegeneration and thereby to unlock a platform to find a cure for sALS. We studied the neuroprotective effects of WL (100 & 200mg/kg) and GA (100 & 200mg/kg) using aluminum chloride (AlCl₃)-induced neurodegeneration model. The study was conducted using male Wistar rats. We assessed the effects of WL and GA on motor learning ability, motor coordination, locomotor activity, cytokine production, BDNF, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), m-calpain, caspase-3 inhibition and L-glutamate level. The study suggests that the treatment with WL and GA could protect the motor neurons from the toxicity that caused by Al via improving the antioxidant status, BDNF, and by preventing glutamate excitotoxicity. Also, WL and GA are found to be effective in inhibiting caspase-3 activation and downregulating inflammatory cytokines. WL and GA also found effective in improving the motor learning abilities and motor coordination in rats. The protective effects of the WL and GA were further confirmed from histopathol. results. WL and GA prevent the neurofibrillary tangle formation and neuronal damage. The study concluded that the WL and GA were dose-dependently effective in managing the AlCl₃-induced neurodegeneration. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9Safety of 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one).

1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.Safety of 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Phenolic compounds of Rumex roseus L. extracts and their effect as antioxidant and cytotoxic activities was written by Saoudi, Mohamed Marouane;Bouajila, Jalloul;Alouani, Khaled. And the article was included in BioMed Research International in 2021.Safety of 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Rumex roseus L. (R. roseus) is acknowledged as an aromatic plant. For its excellent biol. properties, it was used as a traditional medicine. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the chem. components and their effect as the biol. activities of Tunisian extracts of R. roseus. Consecutive extractions by cold maceration of the aerial part with solvents of increasing polarity (cyclohexane (CYH), dichloromethane (DCM), and methanol (MeOH)) were performed, and the different chem. groups (phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins, etc.) were identified. In addition, the volatile compounds of the obtained extracts were identified before and after derivatization. Moreover, their antioxidant and anticancer activities were evaluated. The anal. of HPLC-DAD revealed the identification of 18 components from organic extracts, among them are, for example, chlorogenic acid and shikonin, while GC-MS anal. allowed the detection of 34 volatile compounds Some of those compounds were identified for the first time in plant extracts such as pyrazolo[3,4-d] pyrimidine-3,4(2H,5H)-dione (1); L-proline (16); 2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid (19); L-(-)-arabitol (23); D-(-)-fructopyranose (25); and D-(+)-talopyranose (27). DPPH tests revealed that the most important antioxidant activity was found in the methanolic extract with 75.2% inhibition at 50 mg/L and that the highest cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 and MCF-7 was recorded in the dichloromethane extract with 62.1 and 80.0% inhibition at 50 mg/L, resp. The biol. activities were fully correlated with the chem. composition of the different extracts So, we can suggest that R. roseus is a source of bioactive mols. that could be considered potential alternatives for use in dietary supplements for the prevention or treatment of diseases. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9Safety of 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one).

1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Many natural or synthetic compounds containing benzofuran skeletons have been found to possess remarkable activity as agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. They are also prone to polymerisation in the presence of concentrated mineral acids and Lewis acids.Safety of 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Jinmaitong, a traditional chinese compound prescription, ameliorates the streptozocin-induced diabetic peripheral neuropathy rats by increasing sciatic nerve IGF-1 and IGF-1R expression was written by Song, Wei;Jiang, Wen;Wang, Chao;Xie, Jun;Liang, Xiaochun;Sun, Ying;Gong, Liyun;Liu, Wei;Qu, Ling. And the article was included in Frontiers in Pharmacology in 2019.Reference of 524-12-9 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Jinmaitong (JMT) is a Traditional Chinese Compound Prescription for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). This study aims to investigate the effect of JMT on the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and the insulin like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) expression in sciatic nerves of diabetic rats. Firstly, the chem. profile of JMT was characterized by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS anal. A total of 72 compounds were putatively identified. Secondly, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were treated with neurotropin (NTP, 2.67 NU/kg/day) or JMT at low-dosage (0.4375 g/kg/day), medium-dosage (0.875 g/kg/day), and high-dosage (1.75 g/kg/day) for continuous 16 wk. Blood glucose and body weight were detected every 4 wk during the experiment The mech. pain and morphol. change on sciatic nerves were detected by pain measurement instrument and microscopy. The IGF-1 level in serum and tissues were measured though ELISA and immunohistochem. The mRNA and protein expressions of IGF-1, IGF-1R, peripheral myelin protein zero (P0), and peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) in the tissues were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. As a result, JMT had no significant effect on body weight, but reduced the fasting blood glucose levels of diabetic rats. Besides, the pathol. morphol., mech. pain thresholds, serum level and tissue expression of IGF-1, mRNA, and protein levels of IGF-1R, P0, and PMP22 were significantly improved in JMT group at middle dosage. In conclusion, JMT could ameliorate the behavioristics and morphol. changes in DPN rats by promoting IGF-1 and IGF-1R gene and protein expressions in sciatic nerves, as well as regulating the peripheral nerve remyelination genes P0 and PMP22 expressions, which provides scientific evidence for the clin. application of JMT in DPN patients. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9Reference of 524-12-9).

1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Many natural or synthetic compounds containing benzofuran skeletons have been found to possess remarkable activity as agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Reference of 524-12-9

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

The inhibition of PI3K and NFκB promoted curcumin-induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M via altering polyamine metabolism in Bcl-2 overexpressing MCF-7 breast cancer cells was written by Berrak, Ozge;Akkoc, Yunus;Arisan, Elif Damla;Coker-Gurkan, Ajda;Obakan-Yerlikaya, Pinar;Palavan-Unsal, Narcin. And the article was included in Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy in 2016.Application of 524-12-9 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Bcl-2 protein has been contributed with number of genes which are involved in oncogenesis. Among the many targets of Bcl-2, NFκB have potential role in induction of cell cycle arrest. Curcumin has potential therapeutic effects against breast cancer through multiple signaling pathways. In this study, we investigated the role of curcumin in induction of cell cycle arrest via regulating of NFκB and polyamine biosynthesis in wt and Bcl-2+ MCF-7 cells. To examine the effect of curcumin on cell cycle regulatory proteins, PI3K/Akt, NFκB pathways and polyamine catabolism, we performed immunoblotting assay. In addition, cell cycle anal. was performed by flow cytometry. The results indicated that curcumin induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase by downregulation of cyclin B1 and Cdc2 and inhibited colony formation in MCF-7 wt cells. However, Bcl-2 overexpression prevented the inhibition of cell cycle associated proteins after curcumin treatment. The combination of LY294002, PI3K inhibitor, and curcumin induced cell cycle arrest by decreasing CDK4, CDK2 and cyclin E2 in Bcl-2+ MCF-7 cells. Moreover, LY294002 further inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt in Bcl-2+ MCF-7 cells. Curcumin could suppress the nuclear transport of NFκB through decreasing the interaction of P-IκB-NFκB. The combination of wedelolactone, NFκB inhibitor, and curcumin acted different on SSAT expression in wt MCF-7 and Bcl-2+ MCF-7 cells. NFκB inhibition increased the SSAT after curcumin treatment in Bcl-2 overexpressed MCF-7 cells. Inhibition of NFκB activity as well as suppression of ROS generation with NAC resulted in the partial relief of cells from G2/M checkpoint after curcumin treatment in wt MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, the potential role of curcumin in induction of cell cycle arrest is related with NFκB-regulated polyamine biosynthesis. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9Application of 524-12-9).

1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. Introduction of benzofurans in organic synthesis, particularly drug synthesis, involves generally the use of their metalated species as nucleophiles in addition reactions or in metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.Application of 524-12-9

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Elicitor mediated enhancement of wedelolactone in cell suspension culture of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk was written by Salma, Umme;Kundu, Suprabuddha;Ali, Nasim Md.;Mandal, Nirmal. And the article was included in Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture in 2018.SDS of cas: 524-12-9 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The present research focused on enhancing the production of wedelolactone through cell suspension culture (CSC) in Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. With an aim of attaining a sustainable CSC, various plant growth regulators, elicitors and agitation speed were examined Nodal segments of in vitro propagated plantlets induced the maximum percentage (93.47 ± 0.61%) of callus inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with picloram (2 mg L^-1). The growth kinetics of CSC exhibited a sigmoid pattern with a lag phase (0-6 days), a log phase (6-18 days), a stationary phase (18-24 days) and then death phase thereafter. The highest biomass accumulation in CSC with 7.09 ± 0.06 g 50 mL^-1 fresh weight, 1.52 ± 0.02 g 50 mL^-1 dry cell weight, 1.34 ± 0.01 × 10⁶ cell mL^-1 total cell count and 57.00 ± 0.58% packed cell volume was obtained in the liquid MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L^-1 picloram plus 0.5 mg L^-1 kinetin at 120 rpm. High performance thin layer chromatog. confirmed that yeast extract (biotic elicitor) at 150 mg L^-1 accumulated more CSC biomass with 1.22-fold increase in wedelolactone (288.97 ± 1.94μg g^-1 dry weight) content in comparison to the non-elicited CSC (237.78 ± 0.04μg g^-1 dry weight) after 120 h of incubation. Contrastingly, Me jasmonate (abiotic elicitor) did not alter the biomass but increased the wedelolactone content (259.32 ± 1.06μg g^-1 dry weight) to an extent of 1.09-fold at 100μM. Complete plantlet regeneration from CSC was possible on MS medium containing N⁶-benzyladenine (0.75 mg L^-1) and abscisic acid (0.5 mg L^-1). Thus, the establishment of protocol for CSC constitutes the bases for future biotechnol. improvement studies in this crop. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9SDS of cas: 524-12-9).

1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antioxidant, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, insecticidal.SDS of cas: 524-12-9

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Effect of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and wedelolactone on osteoblastogenesis from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was written by Dong, Peipei;Zhu, Di;Deng, Xue;Zhang, Yanjie;Ma, Jinhui;Sun, Xiaoxin;Liu, Yanqiu. And the article was included in Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Part A in 2019.Recommanded Product: 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Regenerative medicine has a high demand for the development of scaffold materials combined with other osteogenic inducers to generate bioactive composite materials for bone replacement therapies. Previously, we reported that wedelolactone promoted osteoblastogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). In this study, the effect of hydroxyapatites (HAps), bone composite materials we prepared, and the combined effect of wedelolactone and HAps on osteoblastogenesis differentiation was first evaluated. Three kinds of HAps constructed by a rod-like shape with particle size of 25 nm (HAp-1), 37 nm (HAp-2), and 33 nm (HAp-3) did not affect BMSC survival, but induced activity of alk. phosphatase(ALP), a marker enzyme for osteoblastogenesis. HAp-1 treatment resulted in a more significant increase in the number of ALP staining-pos. BMSC, and maintained an extended time for the increased number of ALP staining-pos. BMSC. Moreover, HAp-1 combined with wedelolactone induced a higher ALP activity for a longer time than HAp-2 and HAp-3, and also increased the bone mineralization level. Osteoblastogenesis-related marker genes expression including osteorix, osteocalcin, and runx2 were increased after BMSC were treated with HAp-1 for 6 days. Although three kinds of HAps treatment for 9 days increased osteorix mRNA expression, osteocalcin, and runx2 mRNA expression levels were upregulated only by HAp-1. Similarly, only HAp-1 enhanced wedelolactone-induced osteocalcin, osteorix, and runx2 mRNA expression after 9 days treatment. Together, these results suggested that HAps with different sizes generated different effect on osteoblastogenesis. HAp-1 combined with wedelolacone can exert an enhanced effect on osteoblastogenesis, which has potential for treating osteoporosis. ©2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2018. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9Recommanded Product: 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one).

1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Many natural or synthetic compounds containing benzofuran skeletons have been found to possess remarkable activity as agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.Recommanded Product: 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Enhanced identification of the in vivo metabolites of Ecliptae Herba in rat plasma by integrating untargeted data-dependent MS² and predictive multiple reaction monitoring-information dependent acquisition-enhanced product ion scan was written by Li, Mengrong;Si, Dandan;Fu, Zhifei;Sang, Mangmang;Zhang, Zixin;Liu, Erwei;Yang, Wenzhi;Gao, Xiumei;Han, Lifeng. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography B in 2019.SDS of cas: 524-12-9 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Detection and identification of the in vivo metabolites of traditional Chinese medicine by untargeted profiling strategies are often confronted with severe interference from complex endogenous substances. Here we developed an integral approach, by combining untargeted data-dependent MS² (dd-MS²) of Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry and predictive multiple reaction monitoring-information dependent acquisition-enhanced product ion scan (pMRM-IDA-EPI) of triple quadrupole-linear ion trap (QTRAP) mass spectrometry, aiming to detect and identify more extensive metabolites in bio-samples. Ecliptae Herba (EH) is a widely consumed medicinal herb with the effects of nourishing liver/kidney, but its metabolites in vivo have not been fully elucidated. Firstly, after UHPLC separation on an HSS T₃ column, chem. fingerprinting of 70% ethanolic extract of EH was performed by untargeted dd-MS² in neg. ion mode. We could characterize 41 compounds from EH, and 24 were detectable in the plasma of rats (prototypes) after oral administration of EH extract (1 g/kg). Secondly, using echinocystic acid (triterpene), wedelolactone (coumarin), and apigenin (flavonoid) as the different parent templates, an MRM list containing 150 predicted ion-pairs was established to enhance MS² scan by pMRM-IDA-EPI, which enabled the primary identification of up to 200 metabolites. The biotransformations mainly involve oxidation, hydrogenation, methylation, glucuronidation, sulfonation etc. Thirdly, the rat plasma samples obtained after oral administration of three pure compounds (echinocystic acid, wedelolactone and apigenin) were analyzed to verify the reliability of metabolites identification, and 11, 4, and 10 metabolites were found individually. This is the first comprehensive research on the metabolism of EH in vivo. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9SDS of cas: 524-12-9).

1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory.SDS of cas: 524-12-9

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Development of transgenic hairy roots and augmentation of secondary metabolites by precursor feeding in Sphagneticola calendulacea (L.) Pruski was written by Kundu, Suprabuddha;Salma, Umme;Ali, Nasim Md.;Hazra, Alok Kumar;Mandal, Nirmal. And the article was included in Industrial Crops and Products in 2018.Reference of 524-12-9 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Sphagneticola calendulacea (L.) Pruski [synonym Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck) Merrill] is an important medicinal plant that possesses a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites. A stable transgenic hairy root culture has been developed using engineered Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain LBA1334 harboring pCAM:2 × 35S:gusA binary vector, to achieve high yield of secondary metabolites. Putative transgenic hairy roots appeared with highest transformation frequency (66.67%) when leaf explants were immersed in A. rhizogenes suspension for 10 min and co-cultivated for three days. Incorporation of foreign genes was confirmed by initial GUS staining assay followed by polymerase chain reaction anal. of rolA, rolB, rolC and gusA genes. Time course study revealed that the transgenic hairy roots grew rapidly in 1/2 Murashige and Skoog liquid medium with highest biomass production of 0.61 g per 50 mL dry weight after 28 days of culture. In the precursor feeding experiment, the biomass of hairy roots was further increased to 0.698 g per 50 mL dry weight when 0.5 mM phenylalanine was added to the 10 days old growing culture. High Performance Thin Layer Chromatog. showed that the transgenic hairy roots accumulated enhanced level of wedelolactone (422.01μg g^-1 dry weight), which was 1.43 and 1.37 times higher than those of in vivo (294.44μg g^-1 dry weight) and in vitro-grown (308.28μg g^-1 dry weight) plantlets, resp. Precursor feeding with phenylalanine further augmented the accumulation of wedelolactone to 440.33μg g^-1 dry weight in the transgenic hairy roots. In addition, the content of several important phenolic and flavonoid compounds were increased in the transgenic hairy roots as analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatog. The protocol offers a scope to introduce foreign genes and further regulate the production of secondary metabolites. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9Reference of 524-12-9).

1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.Reference of 524-12-9

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Wedelolactone Mitigates Parkinsonism Via Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Through NRF2/SKN-1 was written by Sharma, Shruti;Trivedi, Shalini;Pandey, Taruna;Ranjan, Sachin;Trivedi, Mashu;Pandey, Rakesh. And the article was included in Molecular Neurobiology in 2021.Computed Properties of C16H10O7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Parkinsonism is an age-associated neurodegenerative disorder characterized by aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) protein in the substantia nigra region, degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, and deregulated lipid metabolism Currently only symptomatic relief has been provided by FDA-approved therapeutic approaches for Parkinsons disease (PD). The present study aims to evaluate the potential of wedelolactone (WDL), a natural occurring coumestan found in Eclipta alba to mitigate the parkinsonism in Caenorhabditis elegans disease model. In the present studies, supplementation with 37.5μM WDL exhibited a reduction in the level of α-syn in an age-dependent manner (22% at day 5, p < 0.05; and 16% at day 10, p < 0.001, n = 30), along with improvement in neuronal health through basal movement, and elevated the dopamine levels evident through 1-nonanol repulsion results in wild-type and diseased worms. Moreover, WDL augmented the mitochondrial health in wild-type, PD-diseased, and mev-1 mutant worms that establish the inherent activity of WDL in the alleviation of oxidative stress. Furthermore, WDL supplementation significantly decreases the neutral lipid and triglyceride level and also alleviates protein carbonyl level in PD disease condition. The overall investigation will provide a pioneer to the future insights of PD research related to plant-based drugs. qPCR studies after WDL supplementation revealed alteration of genes involved in the regulation of various stress-responsive (sod-5, gst-4, skn-1), α-syn-suppressing (lrk-1, ymel-1, lagr-1, grk-1), and mitochondrial (pink-1) genes. All together, these findings support that the WDL is a promising candidate to combat age-related multi-factorial PD pathol. associated with protein misfolding and accumulation. The results provide sufficient information in the development of therapeutic medicines from natural products for improving the health. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9Computed Properties of C16H10O7).

1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antioxidant, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, insecticidal.Computed Properties of C16H10O7

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem