Tag: 400-500

Evaluation of the in vivo acute toxicity of poly(thioether-ester) and superparamagnetic poly(thioether-ester) nanoparticles obtained by thiol-ene miniemulsion polymerization was written by Feuser, Paulo Emilio;Cardoso, Mariana de Melo;Galvani, Nathalia Coral;Zaccaron, Rubya Pereira;Venturini, Ligia Milanez;Rigo, Flavia Karine;Machado-de-Avila, Ricardo Andrez;Silveira, Paulo Cesar Lock;Sayer, Claudia;Hermes de Araujo, Pedro Henrique. And the article was included in Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Part B: Applied Biomaterials in 2022.Category: benzofurans This article mentions the following:

Poly(thioether-ester) (PTEe) nanoparticles obtained by thiol-ene polymerization have received attention of many researchers due to several advantages, including, biocompatibility and biodegradability. The search for new nanomaterials requires toxicity studies to assess potential toxic effects of their administration. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo acute toxicity of PTEe and poly(thioether-ester)-coated magnetic nanoparticles prepared by thiol-ene polymerization in miniemulsion. These nanoparticles presented a mean size of approx. 120 nm, spherical morphol., and neg. surface charge. Doses of 40 mg/kg were administered i.p. to Swiss mice and nociceptive, behavioral and biochem. parameters were investigated in five different organs. None of the nanoparticles led to any alterations in the nociceptive and behavioral responses. Biochem. alterations were observed in liver, decreasing the sulfhydryl and glutathione (GSH) levels, suggesting the dependence of the GSH metabolism in the elimination of the nanoparticles. In general, both nanoparticle types did not cause disturbances in biochem. parameters analyzed in others organs. These results suggest that both nanoparticle types did not induce acute toxicity to the different organs evaluated, reinforcing the biocompatibility of PTEe nanoparticles synthesized by thiol-ene polymerization In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Category: benzofurans).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antioxidant, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, insecticidal.Category: benzofurans

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Adsorption of Horseradish Peroxidase on Metallic Nanoparticles: Effects on Reactive Oxygen Species Detection Using 2′,7′-Dichlorofluorescin Diacetate was written by Kessler, Amanda;Hedberg, Jonas;McCarrick, Sarah;Karlsson, Hanna L.;Blomberg, Eva;Odnevall, Inger. And the article was included in Chemical Research in Toxicology in 2021.Name: 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one This article mentions the following:

The fluorescent probe 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) together with the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is widely used in nanotoxicol. to study acellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from nanoparticles (NPs). This study examined whether HRP adsorbs onto NPs of Mn, Ni, and Cu and if this surface process influences the extent of metal release and hence the ROS production measurements using the DCFH assay in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), saline, or Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM). Adsorption of HRP was evident onto all NPs and conditions, except for Mn NPs in PBS. The presence of HRP resulted in an increased release of copper from the Cu NPs in PBS and reduced levels of nickel from the Ni NPs in saline. Both metal ions in solution and the adsorption of HRP onto the NPs can change the activity of HRP and thus influence the ROS results. The effect of HRP on the NP reactivity was shown to be solution chem. dependent. Most notable was the evident affinity/adsorption of phosphate toward the metal NPs, followed by a reduced adsorption of HRP, the concomitant reduction in released manganese from the Mn NPs, and increased levels of released metals from the Cu NPs in PBS. Minor effects were observed for the Ni NPs. The solution pH should be monitored since the release of metals can change the solution pH and the activity of HRP is known to be pH-dependent. It is furthermore essential that solution pH adjustments are made following the addition of NaOH during diacetyl removal of DCFH-DA. Even though not observed for the given exposure conditions of this study, released metal ions could possibly induce agglomeration or partial denaturation of HRP, which in turn could result in steric hindrance for H₂O₂ to reach the active site of HRP. This study further emphasizes the influence of HRP on the background kinetics, its solution dependence, and effects on measured ROS signals. Different ways of correcting for the background are highlighted, as this can result in different interpretations of generated results. The results show that adsorption of HRP onto the metal NPs influenced the extent of metal release and may, depending on the investigated system, result in either under- or overestimated ROS signals if used together with the DCFH assay. HRP should hence be used with caution when measuring ROS in the presence of reactive metallic NPs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Name: 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.Name: 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

The effect of PAMAM dendrimers on the excited states of little-explored xanthene dyes. In search of eco-friendly photoinitiating systems was written by Paula Militello, M.;Porcal, Gabriela V.;Bertolotti, Sonia G.;Previtali, Carlos M.;Arbeloa, Ernesto M.. And the article was included in Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, A: Chemistry in 2023.SDS of cas: 76-54-0 This article mentions the following:

A complete photophys. and photochem. study on the partially halogenated xanthene dyes 2â€?,7â€?-dichlorofluorescein; 4, 5, 6, 7- tetrachlorofluorescein; 4â€?, 5â€?-dibromofluorescein and 4 â€? 5â€?-diiodofluorescein was carried out in aqueous solution The effect of three PAMAM dendrimers of low generations (G0, G1 and G3) on their excited states was also evaluated. Absorption and fluorescence measurements showed that although the ground and singlet-excited states of the dyes interact weakly with the dendrimers, the binding constants obtained correlated with dendrimer size. The triplet-excited states of the dyes were studied by laser flash photolysis including those for the chlorinated fluoresceins; which, to the best of our knowledge, had not been characterized until now. Iodo- and bromo-fluoresceins showed high triplet quantum yields, whereas chlorinated ones showed values in the order of 0.10, indicating that, although low, the intersystem crossing is not a negligible process. Efficient electron transfer reactions were observed between amino moieties of PAMAM and the triplet states of the dyes. The triplet quenching rate constants also correlated with dendrimer size and the semi-reduced species of the dyes were characterized by their transient spectra. Radical formation efficiencies similar to those obtained with a typical tertiary amine were estimated, so the present results suggest that these dye/dendrimer couples might be promising as photoinitiating systems for polymerizations with low ecol. impact. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0SDS of cas: 76-54-0).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. In nature, benzofurans have occupied an important role among the plant phenols & several pharmacologically active compounds.SDS of cas: 76-54-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

A Spectroscopic Study of Xanthene Dyes on a Polystyrene Surface: an Investigation of Ion-π Interactions at Polymer Interfaces was written by Mullen, Matthew;Fontaine, Nolan;Euler, William B.. And the article was included in Journal of Fluorescence in 2020.SDS of cas: 76-54-0 This article mentions the following:

Abstract: Thin films of three differently charged xanthene dyes: rhodamine 6G (Rh6G, cationic), fluorescein 27 (F27, neutral), and disodium fluorescein (DSF, anionic) were cast onto a polystyrene (PS) coated glass substrate to investigate ion-π interactions. Absorbance spectroscopy was used to determine the aggregation state of the dyes on the PS surface. Deconvolution of the spectra of films revealed multiple peaks for all dyes assigned to isolated monomers, aggregates, and complexes between the dye and the polymer substrate. The shift of the low energy peak relative to the monomer peak was used as an indication of interaction strength of that species with the PS π system, which followed the trend of Rh6G > DSF > F27. Increase in the interaction energy is attributed to stabilization from ion-π interactions. Steady-state emission spectra and excited state lifetime measurements were performed on all films. The formation of a weakly emissive exciplex was found for Rh6G and DSF, consistent with ion-π interactions, but no evidence of an exciplex is found for the F27 films. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0SDS of cas: 76-54-0).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives have shown many biological activities, including antifungal and antimicrobial properties, and acting as antagonists of H3 receptors and angiotensin II. Introduction of benzofurans in organic synthesis, particularly drug synthesis, involves generally the use of their metalated species as nucleophiles in addition reactions or in metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.SDS of cas: 76-54-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Behavioural and biochemical parameters in guppy (Poecilia vivipara) following exposure to waterborne zinc in salt or hard water was written by Leitemperger, Jossiele;Muller, Talise Ellwanger;Cerezer, Cristina;Marins, Aline Teixeira;de Moura, Leticia Kuhn;Loro, Vania Lucia. And the article was included in Molecular Biology Reports in 2019.Quality Control of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one This article mentions the following:

Therefore, this study aimed investigate the influence of salinity, hardness on Zn toxicity on the behaviors and biochem. parameters of the estuarine guppy (Poecilia vivipara). The fish were exposed to waterborne zinc (500μg L^-1) in salt water (25 ppt) or hard water (120 mg L^-1 CaCO₃). For behavioral anal., the locomotive and exploratory parameters of fish in novel environment and light-dark tests were evaluated. We observed that exposure to hard water decreased the distance covered by the fish, and when zinc also present the vertical exploratory behavior decreased. When zinc was tested alone, an increase in the maximum speed of fish was recorded. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, total peroxidation and, reactive oxygen species content, antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals, non-proteins thiols levels, acetylcholinesterase and Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activities were evaluated in the whole fish body. The integrated biomarker response was calculated for each parameter to aid in the interpretation of the results and indicated that hard water containing zinc had the greatest effect on the biochem. parameters of the fish. In general, neither salinity nor hardness were totally effective in protecting the guppy from the biochem. damage caused by exposure to zinc. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Quality Control of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Introduction of benzofurans in organic synthesis, particularly drug synthesis, involves generally the use of their metalated species as nucleophiles in addition reactions or in metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.Quality Control of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

The CHD6 chromatin remodeler is an oxidative DNA damage response factor was written by Moore, Shaun;Berger, N. Daniel;Luijsterburg, Martijn S.;Piett, Cortt G.;Stanley, Fintan K. T.;Schrader, Christoph U.;Fang, Shujuan;Chan, Jennifer A.;Schriemer, David C.;Nagel, Zachary D.;van Attikum, Haico;Goodarzi, Aaron A.. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2019.Related Products of 76-54-0 This article mentions the following:

Cell survival after oxidative DNA damage requires signaling, repair and transcriptional events often enabled by nucleosome displacement, exchange or removal by chromatin remodeling enzymes. Here, we show that Chromodomain Helicase DNA-binding protein 6 (CHD6), distinct to other CHD enzymes, is stabilized during oxidative stress via reduced degradation CHD6 relocates rapidly to DNA damage in a manner dependent upon oxidative lesions and a conserved N-terminal poly(ADP-ribose)-dependent recruitment motif, with later retention requiring the double chromodomain and central core. CHD6 ablation increases reactive oxygen species persistence and impairs anti-oxidant transcriptional responses, leading to elevated DNA breakage and poly(ADP-ribose) induction that cannot be rescued by catalytic or double chromodomain mutants. Despite no overt epigenetic or DNA repair abnormalities, CHD6 loss leads to impaired cell survival after chronic oxidative stress, abnormal chromatin relaxation, amplified DNA damage signaling and checkpoint hypersensitivity. We suggest that CHD6 is a key regulator of the oxidative DNA damage response. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Related Products of 76-54-0).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives have shown many biological activities, including antifungal and antimicrobial properties, and acting as antagonists of H3 receptors and angiotensin II. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.Related Products of 76-54-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

A multifunctional SN38-conjugated nanosystem for defeating myelosuppression and diarrhea induced by irinotecan in esophageal cancer was written by Chen, Jinjin;Zhou, Lulu;Wang, Chunhui;Sun, Yunhao;Lu, Yonglin;Li, Ruihao;Hu, Xiaochun;Chen, Mengyao;Chen, Lv;Chai, Keke;Yao, Tianming;Shi, Shuo;Dong, Chunyan. And the article was included in Nanoscale in 2020.Recommanded Product: 76-54-0 This article mentions the following:

A combination of chemotherapy and phototherapy has been proposed as a promising treatment for esophageal cancer (EC). Irinotecan as a first-line treatment option is widely prescribed for metastatic EC, however, its clin. application is extremely restricted by the low conversion rate to SN38, severe myelosuppression and diarrhea. As a more potent active metabolite of irinotecan, SN38 is a better substitution for irinotecan, but the poor water solubility and the difficulty of encapsulation hindered its medical application. Herein, a multifunctional SN38-conjugated nanosystem (FA-PDA@PZM/SN38@BSA-MnO2, denoted as FA-PPSM) is designed for overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks and achieving collaborative chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT). The tumor acidic microenvironment induces decomposition of BSA-MnO2 nanoparticles into O2 and Mn2+, thus enhancing oxygen-dependent PDT efficacy; meanwhile, Mn2+ can be employed as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent. Under 650 and 808 nm laser irradiation, the FA-PPSM nanocomposites exhibit superior antitumor efficacy in Eca-109-tumor bearing mice. Notably, there is low gastrointestinal toxicity and myelosuppression in the FA-PPSM treated mice compared with those treated with irinotecan (alone). Taken together, this work highlights the great potential of the FA-PPSM nanocomposites for MRI-guided chemotherapy in combination with endoscopic light therapy for esophageal cancer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Recommanded Product: 76-54-0).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. Introduction of benzofurans in organic synthesis, particularly drug synthesis, involves generally the use of their metalated species as nucleophiles in addition reactions or in metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.Recommanded Product: 76-54-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

6-Dithio-2′-deoxyguanosine analogs induce reactive oxygen species-mediated tumor cell apoptosis via bi-targeting thioredoxin 1 and telomerase was written by Zhang, Yang;Zhou, Jiabei;Ye, Qin;Zeng, Kui;Pan, Jie;Chen, Lu;Wang, Yingying;Yang, Bo;He, Qiaojun;Gao, Jianqing;Zeng, Su;Yu, Lushan. And the article was included in Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology in 2020.Reference of 76-54-0 This article mentions the following:

Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) and telomerase play key roles in the development and progression process of most tumors, and they both are promising drug therapy targets. We have, for the first time, discovered that Trx1 and telomerase had a dual-target synergistic effect. Based on that results, we designed a series of 6-dithio-2′-deoxyguanosine analogs (named as YLS00X) and verified whether they can inhibit Trx1 and telomerase simultaneously. TrxR1/Trx1 system activity and telomerase expression were significantly inhibited by 6-dithio-2′-deoxyguanosine analogs, especially YLS004. YLS004 can also cause ROS accumulation, and induce tumor cell apoptosis. The vitro antitumor activity of 6-dithio-2′-deoxyguanosine analogs using MTT assay on 11 different human cancer cells and found that human colon cancer cells(HCT116) and melanoma cells (A375) were the most sensitive cells to 6-dithio-2′-deoxyguanosine analogs treatment and vivo xenografts models also confirmed that. The serum biochem. parameters and multiple organs HE staining results of subacute experiments indicated that YLS004 might be mildly toxic to immune organs, including the thymus, spleen, and hematopoietic system. Besides, YLS004 was rapidly metabolized in the rats’ blood. Our study revealed that YLS004, a Trx1 and telomerase inhibitor, has strong anti-tumor effects to colon cancer and melanoma cells and is a promising new candidate drug. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Reference of 76-54-0).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives have shown many biological activities, including antifungal and antimicrobial properties, and acting as antagonists of H3 receptors and angiotensin II. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Reference of 76-54-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Altered expression and function of hepatic transporters in a rodent model of polycystic kidney disease was written by Bezencon, Jacqueline;Beaudoin, James J.;Ito, Katsuaki;Fu, Dong;Roth, Sharin E.;Brock, William J.;Brouwer, Kim L. R.. And the article was included in Drug Metabolism & Disposition in 2019.Formula: C20H10Cl2O5 This article mentions the following:

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common form of inherited polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and is a leading cause of kidney failure. Patients with ADPKD develop fluid-filled cysts in their kidneys, and often form cysts in their liver and other organs. However, the impact of PKD on hepatic transporters has not been characterized. Therefore, this preclin. study was designed to investigate hepatic transporter expression and function in PCK compared to wild-type (WT) Sprague Dawley rats. Transporter gene expression was measured by qPCR, and protein expression was quantified by western blot and LC-MS/MS-based proteomic anal. in rat livers. Transporter function was assessed in isolated perfused livers (IPLs), and biliary and hepatic total glutathione content were measured. Protein expression of Mrp2 and Oatp1a4 was decreased 3-fold and 2.9-fold, resp., in PCK rat livers based on western blot anal. Proteomic anal. confirmed a decrease in Mrp2 and a decrease in Oatp1a1 expression (PCK/WT ratios of 0.368[plusmn]0.098 and 0.563[plusmn]0.038, resp.; mean[plusmn]SD). The biliary excretion of 5(6)-carboxy-2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein (CDF), a substrate of Oatp1a1, Mrp2, and Mrp3, was decreased 28-fold in PCK compared to WT rat IPLs. Total glutathione was significantly reduced in the bile of PCK rats. Differences in hepatic transporter expression and function may contribute to altered disposition of Mrp2 and Oatp substrates in PKD. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Formula: C20H10Cl2O5).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives.Benzofuran is one of the most significant oxygen-containing heterocycles consisting of fused benzene and furan ring, which are widely presented in various naturally occurring and synthetically active compounds. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.Formula: C20H10Cl2O5

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Longitudinal Consumption of Ergothioneine Reduces Oxidative Stress and Amyloid Plaques and Restores Glucose Metabolism in the 5XFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease was written by Whitmore, Clayton A.;Haynes, Justin R.;Behof, William J.;Rosenberg, Adam J.;Tantawy, Mohammed N.;Hachey, Brian C.;Wadzinski, Brian E.;Spiller, Benjamin W.;Peterson, Todd E.;Paffenroth, Krista C.;Harrison, Fiona E.;Beelman, Robert B.;Wijesinghe, Printha;Matsubara, Joanne A.;Pham, Wellington. And the article was included in Pharmaceuticals in 2022.Product Details of 76-54-0 This article mentions the following:

Ergothioneine (ERGO) is a unique antioxidant and a rare amino acid available in fungi and various bacteria but not in higher plants or animals. Substantial research data indicate that ERGO is a physiol. antioxidant cytoprotectant. Different from other antioxidants that need to breach the blood-brain barrier to enter the brain parenchyma, a specialized transporter called OCTN1 has been identified for transporting ERGO to the brain. To assess whether consumption of ERGO can prevent the progress of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) on young (4-mo-old) 5XFAD mice. Methods and materials: Three cohorts of mice were tested in this study, including ERGO-treated 5XFAD, non-treated 5XFAD, and WT mice. After the therapy, the animals went through various behavioral experiments to assess cognition. Then, mice were scanned with PET imaging to evaluate the biomarkers associated with AD using [11C]PIB, [11C]ERGO, and [18F]FDG radioligands. At the end of imaging, the animals went through cardiac perfusion, and the brains were isolated for immunohistol. Young (4-mo-old) 5XFAD mice did not show a cognitive deficit, and thus, we observed modest improvement in the treated counterparts. In contrast, the response to therapy was clearly detected at the mol. level. Treating 5XFAD mice with ERGO resulted in reduced amyloid plaques, oxidative stress, and rescued glucose metabolism Consumption of high amounts of ERGO benefits the brain. ERGO has the potential to prevent AD. This work also demonstrates the power of imaging technol. to assess response during therapy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Product Details of 76-54-0).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives.Benzofuran is one of the most significant oxygen-containing heterocycles consisting of fused benzene and furan ring, which are widely presented in various naturally occurring and synthetically active compounds. Benzofurans are stable towards alkali and readily polymerize on treatment with sulfuric acid, due to which they are useful for the preparation of low cost chemically relatively inert resins.Product Details of 76-54-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem