Category: benzofurans

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate, is researched, Molecular C6H11ClO3, CAS is 90866-33-4, about Production of ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate with resting cells of Sulfolobus solfataricus, the main research direction is chloroacetoacetate asym reduction Sulfolobus; chiral chlorohydroxybutanoate production Sulfolobus.Safety of (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate.

The thermophilic archaebacterium S. solfataricus converted Et 4-chloroacetoacetate to Et (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate in 97% yield, with 98% enantiomeric excess. Ten g wet cells were suspended in 100 mL pH 5 acetate buffer containing 5 mL propan-2-ol and 1 g (60 mM) substrate. After 24 h at 30°, the supernatant was extracted with ether and the product purified by HPLC. Concentrations of substrate >60 mM led to decreased yields.

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Computed Properties of C6H11ClO3. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate, is researched, Molecular C6H11ClO3, CAS is 90866-33-4, about Stereochemical control in microbial reduction. Part 13. A novel method to synthesize (L)-β-hydroxyl esters by the reduction with bakers’ yeast. Author is Nakamura, Kaoru; Kawai, Yasushi; Ohno, Atsuyoshi.

RCH2COCH2CO2R1 (R = R1 = Me; R = H, Cl, Me, CF3, R1 = Et) were reduced stereoselectively to (L)-RCH2CH(OH)CH2CO2R1 (enantiomeric excess of 80-94%) with baker’s yeast in the presence of ClCH2CO2Et (I). I works by inhibiting D-hydrogenases in the complex mixture of enzymes found in baker’s yeast. Other halo ester additives were investigated.

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Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
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Computed Properties of CAgF3O3S. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: Silver(I) trifluoromethanesulfonate, is researched, Molecular CAgF3O3S, CAS is 2923-28-6, about Computational Insights into Different Mechanisms for Ag-, Cu-, and Pd-Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of Alkenes and Sulfonyl Hydrazones. Author is Wu, Yong; Cao, Shanshan; Douair, Iskander; Maron, Laurent; Bi, Xihe.

The [2+1] cycloaddition reaction of a metal carbene with an alkene can produce important cyclopropane products for synthetic intermediates, materials, and pharmaceutical applications. However, this reaction is often accompanied by side reactions, such as coupling and self-coupling, so that the yield of the cyclopropanation product of non-silver transition-metal carbenes and hindered alkenes is generally lower than 50%. To solve this problem, the addition of a low concentration of diazo compound (decomposition of sulfonyl hydrazones) to alkenes catalyzed by either CuOAc or PdCl2 was studied, but side reactions could still not be avoided. Interestingly, however, the yield of cyclopropanation products for such hindered alkenes were as high as 99% with AgOTf as a catalyst. To explain this unexpected phenomenon, reaction pathways have been computed for four different catalysts by using DFT. By combining the results of these calculations with those obtained exptl., it can be concluded that the efficiency of the silver catalyst is due to the barrierless concerted cycloaddition step and the kinetic inhibition of side reactions by a high concentration of alkene.

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The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Effects of long-lasting, high-fat nourishment on the triglycerides, free fatty acids, and phosphatides of blood plasma》. Authors are Canzler, H.; Glatzel, H..The article about the compound:Sodium 4-butyl-3,5-dioxo-1,2-diphenylpyrazolidin-4-idecas:129-18-0,SMILESS:O=C(N(C1=CC=CC=C1)N2C3=CC=CC=C3)[C-](CCCC)C2=O.[Na+]).Recommanded Product: Sodium 4-butyl-3,5-dioxo-1,2-diphenylpyrazolidin-4-ide. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:129-18-0) is conveyed.

Alterations in the lipid profile of blood plasma on various fat diets were assessed and were less significant with high-fat diets (58% of total cal.), for free and total cholesterol, free fatty acids, and phosphatides than for triglycerides (I) in 2 healthy male volunteers. The I content was lowest when the fat intake was high, and vice versa. The high I content on a fat-poor diet (5% of total cal.) resulted from transport lipemia from tissues to liver, which was unnecessary on a high-fat diet, since the liver received supplies of fatty acids from the intestine.

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Product Details of 90866-33-4. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate, is researched, Molecular C6H11ClO3, CAS is 90866-33-4, about Production of (R)-ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate using Saccharomyces cerevisiae YOL151W reductase immobilized onto magnetic microparticles. Author is Choo, Jin Woo; Kim, Hyung Kwoun.

For the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, chiral alcs. are useful intermediates. Among them, (R)-ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate ((R)-ECHB) is an important building block for the synthesis of L-carnitine. (R)-ECHB is produced from ethyl-4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (ECOB) by a reductase-mediated, enantioselective reduction reaction. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae YOL151W reductase that is expressed in Escherichia coli cells exhibited an enantioselective reduction reaction toward ECOB. By virtue of the C-terminal His-tag, the YOL151W reductase was purified from the cell-free extract using Ni2+-NTA column chromatog. and immobilized onto Ni2+-magnetic microparticles. The phys. properties of the immobilized reductase (Imm-Red) were measured using electron microscopy, a magnetic property measurement system, and a zeta potential system; the average size of the particles was approx. 1 μm and the saturated magnetic value was 31.76 emu/g. A neodymium magnet was used to recover the immobilized enzyme within 2 min. The Imm-Red showed an optimum temperature at 45°C and an optimum pH at 6.0. In addition, Bacillus megaterium glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) was produced in the E. coli cells and was used in the coupling reaction to regenerate the NADPH cofactor. The reduction/oxidation coupling reaction composed of the Imm-Red and GDH converted 20 mM ECOB exclusively into (R)- ECHB with an e.e.p value of 98%.

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Electric Literature of CAgF3O3S. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: Silver(I) trifluoromethanesulfonate, is researched, Molecular CAgF3O3S, CAS is 2923-28-6, about Synthesis, crystal structure and photophysical properties of bis[2,6-difluoro-3-(pyridin-2-yl)pyridine-κN](trifluoromethanesulfonato-κO)silver(I). Author is Moon, Suk-Hee; Paek, Sanghyun; Kang, Youngjin.

In the title compound, [Ag(CF3SO3)(C10H6F2N2)2], the AgI center adopts a highly distorted trigonal-planar coordination environment resulting from its coordination by one O atom of the trifluoromethanesulfonate anion and the pyridine N atoms of two crystallog. independent 2′,6′-difluoro-2,3′-bipyridine ligands, which display very similar conformations to one another. Pairwise Ag···O-SO2CF3- [Ag···O = 2.8314 (14) Å] interactions and intermol. C-H···O interactions between inversion-related units lead to the formation of an eight-membered cyclic dimer in which the silver atoms are separated by 6.2152 (3) Å. In the crystal, the dimers are linked through C-H···O hydrogen bonds, halogen···π and weak π-π stacking interactions, resulting in the formation of a three-dimensional supramol. network. The title compound exhibits a strong and broad emission band from 400 nm to 550 nm in solution and its photoluminescence quantum efficiency is estimated to be ca 0.2, indicating that the title compound could have applications as an emitting material in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).

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In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Subunit composition of the untransformed glucocorticoid receptor in the cytosol and in the cell, published in 1992-02-15, which mentions a compound: 70539-42-3, Name is Bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) O,O’-ethane-1,2-diyl disuccinate, Molecular C18H20N2O12, Category: benzofurans.

Bifunctional reagents were used to exam. the subunit composition of the non-DNA-binding form of the rat and human glucocorticoid receptor. Treatment of intact cells and cell extracts with a reversible cross-linker, followed by electrophoretic anal. of immunoadsorbed receptor revealed that 3 proteins of apparent approx. mol. masses, 90, 53, and 14 kDa are associated with the receptor. The 1st of these was identified immunochem. as a 90-kDa heat-shock protein (hsp90). The complex isolated from HeLa cells contained 2.2 mol hsp90/mol steroid-binding subunit. Crosslinking of the receptor complex in the cytosol completely prevented salt-induced dissociation of the subunits. The cross-linked receptor was electrophoretically resolved into 2 oligomeric complexes of apparent mol. mass 288 kDa and 347 kDa, reflecting the association of the 53-kDa protein with a fraction of the receptor. Since no higher oligomeric complexes could be generated by crosslinking cell extracts under different conditions, it was concluded that most of the untransformed cytosolic receptor is devoid of addnl. components.

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Application of 129-18-0. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: Sodium 4-butyl-3,5-dioxo-1,2-diphenylpyrazolidin-4-ide, is researched, Molecular C19H19N2NaO2, CAS is 129-18-0, about Physiological and drug-induced changes in the glycogen content of mouse brain. Author is Hutchins, D. A.; Rogers, Keith James.

The effect of the method of killing on the concentration of glycogen in mouse brain was determined The cerebral glycogen content of mice killed by immersion in liquid N did not differ significantly from that of animals decapitated and the heads immediately frozen. A delay before freezing led to the rapid loss of brain glycogen, with a 17% fall at 10 sec and an 82% loss after 5 min. Hyperglycemia, induced by the administration of D-glucose, resulted in an 8.3% loss of brain glycogen after 120 min. Insulin hypoglycemia produced a 10.7% fall in glycogen at 60 min followed by an 11.2% increase at 120 min. Exposure to either high (32°) or low (10°) ambient temperatures, caused a depletion of brain glycogen. A circadian rhythm of brain glycogen concentration was found, with a nadir which was coincident with the peak of locomotor activity and body temperature Drugs from several pharmacol. classes were studied for their in vivo effect on the concentration of glycogen in mouse brain. Brain glycogen was increased by all the depressant drugs tested, and by some drugs which had little effect on behavior (diphenhydramine, phenytoin and propranolol), or which caused excitation (caffeine and nialamide). Glycogen was depleted only by amphetaminelike compounds or by bemegride-induced convulsions. The results are discussed with particular reference to the possible relation between catechol amines and glycogen metabolism in the brain.

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Name: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: (R)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate, is researched, Molecular C6H11ClO3, CAS is 90866-33-4, about Escherichia coli transformant expressing the glucose dehydrogenase gene from Bacillus megaterium as a cofactor regenerator in a chiral alcohol production system. Author is Kataoka, Michihiko; Rohani, Luh Poni Sri; Wada, Masaru; Kita, Keiko; Yanase, Hideshi; Urabe, Itaru; Shimizu, Sakayu.

Escherichia coli JM109 (pGDA2) overexpressing the glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) gene from Bacillus megaterium IWG3 was examined for use as a cofactor regenerator. In the asym. reduction of Et 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate by E. coli JM109 (pKAR) which is an aldehyde reductase-overproducing transformant, E. coli JM109 (pGDA2) can act as an NADPH regenerator with NADP+ and glucose, similarly to com. available GDH.

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He, Meixia; Lehn, Jean-Marie published an article about the compound: Silver(I) trifluoromethanesulfonate( cas:2923-28-6,SMILESS:O=S(C(F)(F)F)([O-])=O.[Ag+] ).Recommanded Product: Silver(I) trifluoromethanesulfonate. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:2923-28-6) through the article.

Optimizing C=N bond formation and C/N component exchange has major significance in dynamic covalent chem. (DCC). Imine and hydrazone generation from their aldehyde, amine and hydrazine components showed large accelerations in presence of AgOTf or Zn(OTf)2, up to 104 for the Zn(II)-(p-anisidine)imine complex. Zn(OTf)2 and auxiliary p-anisidine together accelerated 630 times the formation of the Zn(II)-hydrazone complex, revealing a strong synergistic effect, traced to very fast initial formation of the reactive Zn(II)-imine complex presenting a C=N bond metallo-activated towards reaction with the hydrazine component. Reactions involving more entities showed kinetically faster and thermodynamically simpler outputs due to dynamic competition within a mixture of higher complexity. Catalytic amounts of metal salts and auxiliary amine gave similar marked rate accelerations and turnover, indicating true catalysis. The synergistic effect achieved by combining metallo- and organo-catalysis points to a powerful co-catalysis strategy of bond-formation in DCC through interconnected chem. transformations.

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Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
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