Heterocyclic Building Block-benzofuran

Morroniside protects OLN-93 cells against H₂O₂-induced injury through the PI3K/Akt pathway-mediated antioxidative stress and antiapoptotic activities was written by Li, Fengzhi;Song, Xue;Xu, Jiaxin;Shi, Yujiao;Hu, Ruina;Ren, Zhen;Qi, Qi;Lu, Hezuo;Cheng, Xiaoxin;Hu, Jianguo. And the article was included in Cell Cycle in 2021.COA of Formula: C20H10Cl2O5 This article mentions the following:

Neurodegenerative disorders, including spinal cord injury (SCI), result in oxidative stress-induced cell damage. Morroniside (MR), a major active ingredient of the Chinese herb Shan Zhu Yu, has been shown to ameliorate oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Our previous study also confirmed that morroniside protects SK-N-SH cell line (human neuroblastoma cells) against oxidative impairment. However, it remains unclear whether MR also plays a protective role for oligodendrocytes that are damaged following SCI. The present study investigated the protective effects of MR against hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced cell death in OLN-93 cells. MR protected OLN-93 cells from H₂O₂-induced injury, attenuated H₂O₂-induced increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and blocked the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) induced by H₂O₂. MR enhanced the activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and suppressed H₂O₂-induced downregulation of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and activation of the proapoptotic protein caspase-3. Finally, we found that LY294002, a specific inhibitor of the PI3K/Akt pathway, inhibited the protective effect of MR against H₂O₂-induced OLN-93 cell injury in the MTT and TUNEL assays. LY294002 also inhibited the expression of SOD and Bcl-2, and increased the expression of iNOS and c-caspase-3 induced by MR treatment. MR exerts protective effects against H₂O₂-induced OLN-93 cell injury through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-mediated antioxidative stress and antiapoptotic activities. MR may provide a potential strategy for SCI treatment or other related neurodegeneration. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0COA of Formula: C20H10Cl2O5).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.COA of Formula: C20H10Cl2O5

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Borrowing Carbonate-Enabled Allylic Amination Reactions under Additive- and Reductant-Free Nickel Catalysis Employing Allylic Alcohols was written by Vaidya, Gargi Nikhil;Nagpure, Mithilesh;Kumar, Dinesh. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2021.Product Details of 54802-10-7 This article mentions the following:

“Borrowing carbonate”-enabled allylic cross-amination reactions employing allylic alcs., e.g., cinnamyl alc., (E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-1-en-1-ol, and (E)-3-(furan-2-yl)prop-1-en-1-ol, were discovered via merging acyl/allyl C-O bonds activation under nickel catalysis. The key component of this protocol is the ability of nickel [Ni(II)-Ni(0)] to execute a relay process via the nucleophilic trapping of the generated acyl Ni complex, resulting from the acyl C-O bond cleavage of dialkyl carbonates, followed by selective allylic C-O bond activations (allylic C-O vs alkyl C-O vs acyl C-O) to yield π-allyl-Ni-complexes. The finding truly represents Ni-catalyzed green allylic amination reactions under additive(s)-free conditions with excellent chemo- (N vs O), regio- (linear vs branched), and stereoselectivity (E vs Z) with a wide range of fundamentally challenging N-heterocycles, e.g., 2(1H)-pyridone, isoquinolin-1(2H)-one, and benzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-one, and allylic alcs. The reaction is scalable, does not require harmful reaction media and a globe box, and is successfully applied to the scale-up synthesis of pharmaceuticals (cinnarizine, flunarizine, and naftifine) with promising yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Aminobenzofuran-2-carboxamide (cas: 54802-10-7Product Details of 54802-10-7).

3-Aminobenzofuran-2-carboxamide (cas: 54802-10-7) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory.Product Details of 54802-10-7

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Protective actions of bioactive flavonoids chrysin and luteolin on the glyoxal induced formation of advanced glycation end products and aggregation of human serum albumin: In vitro and molecular docking analysis was written by Sarmah, Sharat;Das, Sourav;Roy, Atanu Singha. And the article was included in International Journal of Biological Macromolecules in 2020.Synthetic Route of C17H10O4 This article mentions the following:

The post-translational modification of proteins by nonenzymic glycation (NEG) and the accumulation of AGEs are the two underlying factors associated with the long-term pathogenesis in diabetes. Glyoxal (GO) is a reactive intermediate which has the ability to modify proteins and generate AGEs at a faster rate. Human serum albumin (HSA) being the most abundant serum protein has a higher chance to be modified by NEG. The key objective of the present study is to investigate the potency of chrysin and luteolin as antiglycating and antifibrillating agents in the GO-mediated glycation and fibril formation of HSA. AGEs formation were confirmed from the absorption and fluorescence spectral measurements. Both the flavonoids were able to quench the AGEs fluorescence intensity in vitro indicating the antiglycating nature of the mols. The formation of fibrils in the GO-modified HSA was confirmed by the Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence assay and the flavonoids were found to exihibit the antifibrillation properties in vitro. Docking results suggested that both the flavonoids interact with various amino acid residues of subdomain IIA including glycation prone lysines and arginines via non-covalent forces and further stabilized the structure of HSA, which further explains their mechanisms of action as antiglycating and antifibrillating agents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9Synthetic Route of C17H10O4).

4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. They are also prone to polymerisation in the presence of concentrated mineral acids and Lewis acids.Synthetic Route of C17H10O4

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Ligand Function of Ion-Selective Electrodes Reversible to Zinc and Cobalt Thiocyanate Complexes: Causes of Formation, Mathematical Description, and Analytical Applications was written by Matveichuk, Yu. V.;Rakhman’ko, E. M.. And the article was included in Journal of Analytical Chemistry in 2019.Application of 76-54-0 This article mentions the following:

The manifestation of the ligand function of Zn(NCS)₄^2- and Co(NCS)₄^2- selective electrodes based on higher quaternary ammonium salts is explained by the exchange displacement of zinc and cobalt thiocyanates by SCN^– ions from the membrane into the near-electrode layer of the solution Its action is limited by the dissociation of the quaternary ammonium salt as an associate with Zn(NCS)₄^2- and Co(NCS)₄^2- ions. The effect of the background concentration of CoCl₂ or ZnCl₂ on the selectivity of Zn(NCS)₄^2- and Co(NCS)₄^2- selective electrodes based on higher quaternary ammonium salts to SCN^– ions is studied. The introduction of CoCl₂ or ZnCl₂ into the solution binds cobalt or zinc ions released from the membrane into thiocyanate complexes. The high selectivity of the Zn(NCS)₄^2- and Co(NCS)₄^2-selective electrodes to SCN^– ions is due to the higher extraction ability of the cobalt and zinc complexes with SCN^– ions compared to acid complexes with the competing anions. It is demonstrated that Zn(NCS)₄^2- and Co(NCS)₄^2- selective electrodes can be used for the determination of SCN^– ions in process solutions in the production of polyacrylonitrile fibers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Application of 76-54-0).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory.Application of 76-54-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Enantioselective Rh-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of α-sulfonyloxy heteroaryl ketones; asymmetric synthesis of (S)-bufuralol was written by Kwak, Se Hun;Lee, Do-Min;Lee, Kee-In. And the article was included in Tetrahedron: Asymmetry in 2009.Application of 38220-75-6 This article mentions the following:

Asym. transfer hydrogenation of α-sulfonyloxy heteroaryl ketones mediated by Cp_*RhCl[(S,S)-TsDPEN] using an azeotropic mixture of formic acid/triethylamine afforded the corresponding 2-monosulfonated diols in excellent yield with high enantioselectivity. This led to the asym. synthesis of (S)-bufuralol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 38220-75-6Application of 38220-75-6).

1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 38220-75-6) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory.Application of 38220-75-6

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Evaluation of the Influence of Compound Structure on Stacked-Dimer Formation in the DNA Minor Groove was written by Wang, Lei;Carrasco, Carolina;Kumar, Arvind;Stephens, Chad E.;Bailly, Christian;Boykin, David W.;Wilson, W. David. And the article was included in Biochemistry in 2001.Recommanded Product: 1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone This article mentions the following:

The Human Genome Project as well as sequencing of the genomes of other organisms offers a wealth of DNA targets for both therapeutic and diagnostic applications, and it is important to develop addnl. DNA binding motifs to fully exploit the potential of this new information. We have recently found that an aromatic dication, DB293, with an amidine-phenyl-furan-benzimidazole-amidine structure can recognize specific sequences of DNA by binding in the minor groove as a dimer. The dimer binding is strong, highly cooperative and, in contrast to many closely related heterocyclic dications, has both GC and AT base pairs in the minor groove binding site. The aromatic heterocycle stacked dimer is quite different in structure from the polyamide-lexitropsin type compounds, and it is a dication while all lexitropsin dimers are monocations. The heterocyclic dimer represents only the second small mol. class that can recognize mixed sequences of DNA. To test the structural limits on the new type of complex, it is important to probe the influence of compound charge, chem. groups, and structural features. The effects of these compound mol. variations on DNA complex formation with several DNA sequences were evaluated by DNase I footprinting, CD and UV spectroscopy, thermal melting, and quant. anal. with surface plasmon resonance biosensor methods. Conversion of the amidines to guanidinium groups does permit the cooperative dimer to form but removal of one amidine or addition of an alkyl group to the amidine strongly inhibited dimer formation. Changing the Ph of DB293 to a benzimidazole or the benzimidazole to a Ph or benzofuran also inhibited dimer formation. The results show that formation of the minor groove stacked-dimer complex is very sensitive to compound structure. The discovery of the aromatic dimer mode offers new opportunities to enhance the specificity and expand the range of applications of the compounds that target DNA. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 38220-75-6Recommanded Product: 1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone).

1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 38220-75-6) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.Recommanded Product: 1-(5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl)ethanone

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Impact of Escherichia coli infection in broiler breeder chicks: The effect of oxidative stress on weight gain was written by da Rosa, Gilneia;Alba, Davi Fernando;Silva, Anielen D.;Gris, Anderson;Mendes, Ricardo E.;Mostardeiro, Vitor B.;Lopes, Thalison F.;Schetinger, Maria Rosa C.;Stefani, Lenita M.;Lopes, Marcos T.;Boiago, Marcel Manente;da Silva, Aleksandro S.. And the article was included in Microbial Pathogenesis in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 76-54-0 This article mentions the following:

The aim of this study was to determine whether oxidative stress occurs in Escherichia coli-infected broiler breeder chicks, as well as the impact of this infection on bird growth. Twenty birds, 25-day-old female birds were divided into two groups (n = 10 per group): an i.p.-infected group (1 mL containing 1.5 × 10⁸ CFU of E. coli) and a control group that received 1 mL of culture medium (uninfected birds). Birds were weighed individually at the beginning and at the end of the experiment, and samples were collected on days 0, 5 and 10 post-infection (PI). No clin. signs were observed throughout the exptl. period; nevertheless, on day 10 PI, there was lower growth and weight gain in infected birds than in the control group. The infected birds showed pericarditis and liver congestion, as well as moderate periportal inflammatory infiltrates with predominance of neutrophils. Significantly higher numbers of total leukocytes, lymphocytes, heterophils and monocytes were observed in the infected group on days 5 and 10 PI, as well as significantly higher total protein and globulin levels; albumin values significantly decreased over the same period. Levels of serum oxidative biomarkers (lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and free radicals (ROS)) were significantly higher at 10 PI, as was glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity during the same period. Hepatic ROS and protein thiol levels were significantly higher in E. coli-infected birds, as well as activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase. In the spleen, only GST activity was significantly higher for the infected group, unlike the brain, where SOD activity, ROS and non-protein thiol levels were significantly higher in infected birds than in the control group. These data suggested that colibacillosis causes oxidative stress in broiler breeder chicks, neg. affecting their weight gain. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0HPLC of Formula: 76-54-0).

2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. They are also prone to polymerisation in the presence of concentrated mineral acids and Lewis acids.HPLC of Formula: 76-54-0

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Reactions with mercaptans. V. Action of aromatic thiols on furocoumarins, furochromones, and 2-aralkylidene-3(2H)-thianaphenone 1,1-dioxides was written by Asker, Wafia;Shalaby, Ahmed F. A. M.;Zayed, Salah M. A. D.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1958.Synthetic Route of C10H8O3 This article mentions the following:

In conjunction with the study of the pharmacol. action of S-containing compounds, it was found that xanthotoxin (I, R = OMe, R’ = H) (II) treated with PhSH and 4-MeC₆H₄SH (III) in the presence of piperidine (IV) gave addition products, V (Ar = Ph) (VI) and V (Ar = C₆H₄Me-4) (VII), resp. Other ring compounds were treated similarly. Thiol adducts: General procedure. The compound under investigation (0.5 g.), 0.5 g. aromatic thiol, and a few drops freshly distilled IV warmed 10 hrs. on a steam bath in case of II, the mixture cooled, washed with petr. ether, and crystallized gave 80% VI, m. 132° (EtOH), and 72% VII, m. 136° (EtOH). O₂S.C-(:CHAr).CO.C:C.CR”:CR’.CR:CH (VIII) were prepared by the condensation of 3(2H)-thianaphthenone 1,1-dioxides with BzH (method of Mustafa and Z., loc. cit.). The following VIII were prepare (R, R’, R”, Ar, reaction temperature, m.p., % yield given): Me, H, H, Ph (IX), 150°, 209° (AcOH), 92; H, Me, H, Ph (X), 160°, 210° (AcOH), 78; H, H, Me, Ph (XI), 60°, 158° (EtOH), 75; H, H, Cl, Ph (XII), 170°, 216° (AcOH), 85; H, H, H, C₆H₄OMe-4, 150°, 165° (EtOH), 71. VIII were condensed with PhSH and III by heating 3 hrs. at the stated temperature in the absence of a catalyst to give the following thiol adducts, O₂S.CH(CHAr)(SAr’).CO.C:C.CR”:CR’.CR:CH (VIII used, Ar’, reaction temperature, m.p. % yield given): IX, Ph (XIII), 100°, 116° (C₆H₆-petr. ether), 85; IX, C₆H₄Me-4, 130°, 156° (C₆H₆), 82; X, Ph, 120°, 155° (C₆H₆), 79; X, C₆H₄Me-4, 130°, 182° (C₆H₆), 76; XI, Ph, 100°, 137° (C₆H₆), 92; XI, C₆H₄Me-4, 100°, 135° (C₆H₆-petr. ether), 91; XII, Ph, 120°, 150° (C₆H₆), 87. VI (1 g.) and 100 ml. 4% alc. KOH refluxed 4 hrs. and worked up gave 0.25 g. PhSH as the Pb salt and 0.5 g. II. XIII (0.2 g.) heated 20 min. in a bath kept at 140°, cooled, and the product crystallized (EtOH) gave IX. I (R’ = H, R = OCH₂CH:CMe₂), and PhSH (equimolar amounts), and a few drops IV heated 3 hrs. in an oil bath kept at 155-60°, the mixture cooled, washed with petr. ether, and the resulting solid crystallized (C₆H₆) gave 85% I (R’ = H, R = OH), m.p. and mixed m.p. 233°. I (R’ = OMe, R = H), coumarilic acid, or its Me ester failed to react with PhSH in the presence of IV. Khellin [XIV (R = R’ = OMe)] (XV) (1 g.), 2 g. PhSH, and a few drops IV heated 3 hrs. at 100° and worked up gave 0.8 g. XIV (R’ = OMe, R = OH) (XVI), m. 204°. XV treated with III as above also gave XVI. XIV (R’ = H, R = OMe) treated with PhSH as above gave XIV (R’ = H, R = OH), m. 155°. XVI (0.5 g.) in 30 ml. dry Et₂O and 2 ml. MeOH treated with Et₂O-CH₂N₂ (from 4 g. nitrosomethylurea), kept 24 hrs. in an ice chest, treated again with the same amount Et₂O-CH₂N₂, kept 48 hrs. at 0°, the solid collected (the Et₂O solution allowed to evaporate slowly yielded addnl. material), and crystallized (dilute MeOH) gave XV, m. 153°. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate (cas: 1646-27-1Synthetic Route of C10H8O3).

Methyl benzofuran-2-carboxylate (cas: 1646-27-1) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are compounds with a planar structure having 10 pi electrons that include the lone pair on oxygen atom, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic attack. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.Synthetic Route of C10H8O3

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

Novel ¹⁸F-Labeled Benzofuran Derivatives with Improved Properties for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging of β-Amyloid Plaques in Alzheimer’s Brains was written by Ono, Masahiro;Cheng, Yan;Kimura, Hiroyuki;Cui, Mengchao;Kagawa, Shinya;Nishii, Ryuichi;Saji, Hideo. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2011.COA of Formula: C9H9BO4 This article mentions the following:

In vivo imaging of β-amyloid plaques in the brain may lead to the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and monitoring of the progression and effectiveness of treatment. In the present study, we report on the development of two potential PET probes, [¹⁸F]FPYBF-2 ([¹⁸F]10) and [¹⁸F]FPHBF-2 ([¹⁸F]21), for imaging of β-amyloid plaques in AD brain. In experiments in vitro, 10 and 21 displayed high affinity for Aβ(1-42) aggregates (K_i = 2.41 and 3.85 nM, resp.). In biodistribution experiments using normal mice, they displayed high uptake in the brain (7.38 and 8.18% ID/g at 2 min postinjection, resp.), and the radioactivity washed out from the brain rapidly (3.15 and 3.87% ID/g at 60 min postinjection, resp.), which is highly desirable for β-amyloid imaging agents. In vivo, they clearly labeled β-amyloid plaques in Tg2576 mice. Furthermore, the specific labeling of β-amyloid plaques by 10 and 21 was observed in autoradiographs of sections of autopsied AD brain. These new fluorinated benzofuran derivatives are promising PET probes for imaging cerebral β-amyloid plaques. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (5-Methoxybenzofuran-2-yl)boronic acid (cas: 551001-79-7COA of Formula: C9H9BO4).

(5-Methoxybenzofuran-2-yl)boronic acid (cas: 551001-79-7) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is the “”parent”” of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. In nature, benzofurans have occupied an important role among the plant phenols & several pharmacologically active compounds.COA of Formula: C9H9BO4

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem

A lab-on-a-chip device for analysis of amlodipine in biological fluids using peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence system was written by Al Lawati, Haider A. J.;Al-Nadabi, Mira M.;Varma, Gouri B.;Suliman, Fakhr Eldin O.;Al-Abri, Hasnaa. And the article was included in Luminescence in 2014.Computed Properties of C17H10O4 This article mentions the following:

A highly sensitive, rapid and economical method for the determination of amlodipine (AM) in biol. fluids was developed using a peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence (CL) system in a lab-on-a-chip device. Peroxyoxalate-CL is an indirect type of CL that allows the detection of native fluorophores or compounds derivatized with fluorescent labels. Here, fluorescamine was reacted with AM, and the derivatization product was used in a bis-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate-CL system. Fluorescamine reacts selectively with aliphatic primary amine at neutral or basic pH. As most of the calcium channel blocker and many cardiovascular drugs do not contain primary amine, the developed method is highly selective. The parameters that influenced the CL signal intensity were studied carefully. These included the chip geometry, pH, concentration of reagents used and flow rates. Moreover, we confirmed our previous observation about the effects of imidazole, which is commonly used in the bis-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate-CL system as a catalyst, and found that the signal was significantly improved when imidazole was absent. Under optimized conditions, a calibration curve was obtained with a linear range (10-100 μg/L). The limit of detection was 3 μg/L, while the limit of quantification was 10 μg/L. Finally the method was applied for the determination of AM in biol. fluids successfully. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9Computed Properties of C17H10O4).

4-Phenyl-3H,3’H-spiro[furan-2,1′-isobenzofuran]-3,3′-dione (cas: 38183-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are only weakly aromatic in nature and they are cleaved by many oxidative and reductive conditions. As benzofurans are prone to undergo ring opening of the heterocycle, examples of reduction of this type of aromatics by using dissolving metals are rather scarce.Computed Properties of C17H10O4

Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem