Effect of hydrophilic polymer modification of reverse osmosis membrane surfaces on organic adsorption and biofouling behavior was written by Saeki, Daisuke;Yonamine, Genki;Matsuyama, Hideto. And the article was included in Colloids and Surfaces, A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects in 2021.Reference of 3326-34-9 This article mentions the following:
Biofouling in reverse osmosis (RO) membranes is a serious problem, owing to the inherent membrane performance and lifetime; therefore, there have been attempts on various surface modifications of RO membrane surfaces using hydrophilic polymers. This study evaluates the effect of hydrophilic polymers modified on RO membrane surfaces on the adsorption of organic foulants causing biofouling and resulting in biofouling behavior. Polyamide RO membrane surfaces modified by three types of hydrophilic polymers, namely, 2-[(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (MEDSAH), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and poly(ethylene glycol) Me ether methacrylate (PEGMA), were fabricated via an interfacial polymerization method and surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). The hydrophilic property of each polymer is attributed to different functional groups: a zwitterionic group, hydroxyl group, and PEG group, resp. To evaluate the anti-biofouling properties, the adsorption properties against bacteria, proteins and polysaccharides were quantified using a fluorescent-labeling method, and the biofouling behavior was evaluated during the filtration test. Fluorescently labeled alginate was synthesized for the adsorption test. Each hydrophilic polymer showed different adsorption properties against each organic foulant; none of the hydrophilic polymers was effective in the prevention of polysaccharide adsorption. The biofouling test showed that the zwitterionic polymer, MEDSAH, had superior anti-biofouling properties compared to the other hydrophilic polymers because of its high anti-adsorption property against bacteria. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Amino-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 3326-34-9Reference of 3326-34-9).
5-Amino-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 3326-34-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are only weakly aromatic in nature and they are cleaved by many oxidative and reductive conditions. They are also prone to polymerisation in the presence of concentrated mineral acids and Lewis acids.Reference of 3326-34-9
Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem