Caspase-11 promotes renal fibrosis by stimulating IL-1β maturation via activating caspase-1 was written by Miao, Nai-jun;Xie, Hong-yan;Xu, Dan;Yin, Jian-yong;Wang, Yan-zhe;Wang, Bao;Yin, Fan;Zhou, Zhuan-li;Cheng, Qian;Chen, Pan-pan;Zhou, Li;Xue, Hong;Zhang, Wei;Wang, Xiao-xia;Liu, Jun;Lu, Li-min. And the article was included in Acta Pharmacologica Sinica in 2019.Synthetic Route of C16H10O7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
In this study, we investigated the roles of caspase-11 in the maturation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and development of renal interstitial fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Mice were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). The mice were treated with either caspase-11 inhibitor wedelolactone (Wed, 30 mg/kg/day, ig) for 7 days or caspase-11 siRNA (10 nmol/20 g body weight per day, iv) for 14 days. The mice were euthanized on day 14, their renal tissue and blood sample were collected. We found that the obstructed kidney had significantly higher caspase-11 levels and obvious tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis. Furthermore, caspase-11 inhibition significantly blunted caspase-1 activation, IL-1β maturation, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), fibronectin, and collagen I expressions in the obstructed kidney. Renal tubular epithelial NRK-52E cells were treated in vitro with angiotensin (Ang, 1μmol/L), which stimulated caspase-11 activation and IL-1β maturation. Treatment with IL-1β (20 ng/mL) significantly increased the expression of TGF-β, fibronectin, and collagen I in the cells. Ang II-induced expression of TGF-β, fibronectin, and collagen I were suppressed by caspase-11 siRNA or Wed. These results suggest that caspase-11 is involved in UUO-induced renal fibrosis. Elevation of caspase-11 in the obstructed kidney promotes renal fibrosis by stimulating caspase-1 activation and IL-1β maturation. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9Synthetic Route of C16H10O7).
1,8,9-Trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one (cas: 524-12-9) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofurans are only weakly aromatic in nature and they are cleaved by many oxidative and reductive conditions. Benzofurans have also made significant and distinctive contributions to biology. They exhibit several biological activities that range from antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory.Synthetic Route of C16H10O7
Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem