Analysis of pesticide monocrotophos toxicity using Drosophila melanogaster model was written by Naveen, Kumar HN;Meghana;K Shettar, Arun;Thippeswamy, Tg;Niranjana, P.. And the article was included in Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research in 2020.Quality Control of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one This article mentions the following:
Aim: Monocrotophos poisoning is a common medical emergency with high fatality in agricultural communities of Asia. Major cause of morbidity and mortality of poisoning is because it inhibits acetylcholinesterase and prolongs neuromuscular weakness. With this background present study was undertaken to analyze the toxicity and effect of Pesticide Monocrotophos on Drosophila melanogaster model. Materials and Methods: Oxidative stress is implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction associated with neurodegeneration in various diseases. Depletion of the cellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH) resulting in oxidative stress is considered as an early event in degeneration of neurons and mitochondrial complex I (CI) is believed to be the central player to the mitochondrial dysfunction. Results: The potential insults independently inhibit CI and other complexes of the electron transport chain, drop the proton motive force, and reduce ATP production, ultimately affecting the overall mitochondrial performance. Conclusion: Here we tested the effect of Monocrotophos in drosophila model and showed that monocrotophos generates reactive species which decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) and concurrently increased oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels, which in turn led to inhibition of mitochondrial complex I and complex II activities results in motor dysfunction and death of Drosophilaflies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0Quality Control of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one).
2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one (cas: 76-54-0) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran derivatives are one of the most important oxygen-containing heterocycles. Introduction of benzofurans in organic synthesis, particularly drug synthesis, involves generally the use of their metalated species as nucleophiles in addition reactions or in metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.Quality Control of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3′,6′-dihydroxy-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one
Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem