Chemistry, like all the natural sciences, begins with the direct observation of nature¡ª in this case, of matter.87-41-2, Name is Isobenzofuran-1(3H)-one, SMILES is O=C1OCC2=C1C=CC=C2, belongs to benzofurans compound. In a document, author is Li, Xuanfei, introduce the new discover, SDS of cas: 87-41-2.
Agmatine Protects Against the Progression of Sepsis Through the Imidazoline I-2 Receptor-Ribosomal S6 Kinase 2-Nuclear Factor-kappa B Signaling Pathway
Objectives: The knowledge that agmatine is found in the human body has existed for several years; however, its role in sepsis has not yet been studied. In the present study, we investigate the role of agmatine in the progression and treatment of sepsis. Design: Clinical/laboratory investigations. Setting: Medical centers/University-based research laboratory. Subjects: Elective ICU patients with severe sepsis and healthy volunteers; C57BL/6 mice weighing 18-22 g. Interventions: Serum agmatine level and its associations with inflammatory markers were assessed in patients with sepsis. Agmatine was administered intraperitoneally to mice before a lipopolysaccharide challenge. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and murine macrophages were pretreated with agmatine followed by lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Measurements and Main Results: Serum agmatine levels were significantly decreased in patients with sepsis and lipopolysaccharide-induced mice, and correlated with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, procalcitonin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6 levels. In a therapeutic experiment, exogenous agmatine attenuated the cytokine production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with sepsis and healthy controls. Agmatine also exerted a significant beneficial effect in the inflammatory response and organ damage and reduced the death rate in lipopolysaccharide-induced mice. Imidazoline I-2 receptor agonist 2-benzofuran-2-yl blocked the pharmacological action of agmatine; whereas, other imidazoline receptor ligands did not. Furthermore, agmatine significantly impaired the inflammatory response by inactivating nuclear factor-kappa B, but not protein 38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and inducible nitric oxide synthase signaling in macrophages. Activation of imidazoline I-2 receptor or knockdown of ribosomal S6 kinase 2 counteracted the effects of agmatine on phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B alpha. Conclusions: Endogenous agmatine metabolism correlated with the progression of sepsis. Supplemental exogenous agmatine could ameliorate the lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammatory responses and multiple organ injuries through the imidazoline I-2 receptor-ribosomal S6 kinase 2-nuclear factor-kappa B pathway. Agmatine could be used as both a clinical biomarker and a promising pharmaconutrient in patients with severe sepsis.
The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 87-41-2 is helpful to your research. SDS of cas: 87-41-2.
Reference:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
,Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem