Small molecule probes to quantify the functional fraction of a specific protein in a cell with minimal folding equilibrium shifts was written by Liu, Yu;Tan, Yun Lei;Zhang, Xin;Bhabha, Gira;Ekiert, Damian C.;Genereux, Joseph C.;Cho, Younhee;Kipnis, Yakov;Bjelic, Sinisa;Baker, David;Kelly, Jeffery W.. And the article was included in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2014.Application In Synthesis of 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 3′,6′-dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-5-carboxylate This article mentions the following:
Although much is known about protein folding in buffers, it remains unclear how the cellular protein homeostasis network functions as a system to partition client proteins between folded and functional, soluble and misfolded, and aggregated conformations. Herein, we develop small mol. folding probes that specifically react with the folded and functional fraction of the protein of interest, enabling fluorescence-based quantification of this fraction in cell lysate at a time point of interest. Importantly, these probes minimally perturb a protein’s folding equilibrium within cells during and after cell lysis, because sufficient cellular chaperone/chaperonin holdase activity is created by rapid ATP depletion during cell lysis. The folding probe strategy and the faithful quantification of a particular protein’s functional fraction are exemplified with retroaldolase, a de novo designed enzyme, and transthyretin, a nonenzyme protein. Our findings challenge the often invoked assumption that the soluble fraction of a client protein is fully folded in the cell. Moreover, our results reveal that the partitioning of destabilized retroaldolase and transthyretin mutants between the aforementioned conformational states is strongly influenced by cytosolic proteostasis network perturbations. Overall, our results suggest that applying a chem. folding probe strategy to other client proteins offers opportunities to reveal how the proteostasis network functions as a system to regulate the folding and function of individual client proteins in vivo. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 3′,6′-dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-5-carboxylate (cas: 92557-80-7Application In Synthesis of 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 3′,6′-dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-5-carboxylate).
2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 3′,6′-dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-5-carboxylate (cas: 92557-80-7) belongs to benzofurans derivatives. Benzofuran is a core structural unit found in many naturally occurring compounds with multidirectional biological activities. Substituted benzofurans find applications such as fluorescent sensors, oxidants, in drug discovery, and in another field of chemistry and agriculture.Application In Synthesis of 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 3′,6′-dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-5-carboxylate
Referemce:
Benzofuran – Wikipedia,
Benzofuran | C8H6O – PubChem